1. Chapter 10 Toward an American Culture The Second Great Awakening
John Murrin, et al Liberty, Equality, Power A History of the American People
Chapter 10 Toward an American Culture
The Second Great Awakening

2. Deists – belief in a non-interventionist supreme being
Religion
Deists – belief in a non-interventionist supreme being
Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson & other founders
Thomas Paine The Age of Reason
Paine

3. God in one “person” not the traditional trinity
Unitarians
God in one “person” not the traditional trinity
Positive attitude towards human nature
Role of good works
Appealed to intellectuals
Emerson

4. Reaction to rationalism in religion Inspired social reform movements
Second Great Awakening
Reaction to rationalism in religion
Inspired social reform movements
Camp Meetings
“Burned-over” District in western NY

6. Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (Mormons)
Joseph Smith (1830)
Fundamental Beliefs – Book of Mormon
Persecuted for polygamy & maintaining a militia
Brigham Young
Led Mormons to Salt Lake, Utah
Mormon Trail
Theocratic government in Mexico
Young
Smith

9. Salt Lake City, UT

10. University City, CA (San Diego)

11. New York, NY

12. St. George, South Africa
Chorley, England
Porto Allegre, Brazil
Las Vegas, NV

13. Utopian Societies
Cooperative and communal
Opposed class distinctions created by capitalism

14. Robert Owen – New Harmony, IN
In Scotland, Owens reconstructed a mill community into a model industrial town with good housing and sanitation, nonprofit stores, schools, and excellent working conditions. Mill profits increased. The New Lanark experiment became famous in England and abroad, and Owen's ideas spread. He also proposed the formation of self-sufficient cooperative agricultural-industrial communities. One such community, called New Harmony, was established (1825) in Indiana but failed after numerous disagreements among its members.

15. New Harmony, IN as envisioned by Owens

17. Transcendentalists - Brookfarm, MA
Brook Farm, a celebrated nineteenth-century New England utopian community, was founded by Unitarian minister George Ripley and other progressive, Transcendentalist Unitarians, to be, in Ripley's words, a new Jerusalem, the "city of God, anew." From its founding in 1841 until it went bankrupt in 1847, Brook Farm influenced many of the social reform movements of its day: abolitionism, associationalism, the workingmen's movement, and the women's rights movement. It represented both a test of Transcendentalist dreams and a challenge to Transcendentalist individualism.

18. 2nd Coming = Already occurred
Oneida, NY
Christian based
2nd Coming = Already occurred
New Eden on Earth = no selfishness or sin
Plural marriages
Eugenics
Silver artisans
Perfectionists – fruits of labor are God’s gift
Noyes

20. Shakers – New Lebanon, NY
Mother Ann Lee
Shaking Quakers
Celibate
Imminent 2nd Coming
Possible to attain purity
Perfectionists – wood working

21. Shaker Dining Hall