1. Introduction to Dermatology
Dr.duaa salem alrehaili

2. What Is Dermatology?
Dermatology is the branch of medicine dealing with the skin and its diseases.
It is a unique specialty with both medical and surgical aspects.
A dermatologist takes care of a variety of diseases, in the widest sense, variety of patients.

3. Relation to General Medicine
A good dermatologist should be a good physician.

4. We are sharing a Dentist

5. Sharing Gynechologist,

6. Industry and dermatology

7. Onchology,

8. Peadiatric Dermatology

9. Dermatopathology

11. Hair and Nail Diseases

12. Surgical Dermatology

14. Laser And Dermatology

15. Sexual Transmitted Diseases

16. Cosmetic Dermatology,

17. Adrology,
Andrology is not a part of Dermatology.

18. Dermatology Approach

19. The Dermatological diagnosis
Taking history of a skin disorder is usually less prolonged affair than in general medicine.
In practice many dermatologist will take a history after assess the problem or even after examination

20. History General Questions: Duration? Behavior? (Relapse and remit)
How did it start?
Is it anywhere else?
Travelling?
Details Symptoms:
Itching?
Painful?

21. Associated Symptoms
Past History of skin and Related disorders
Family History
Drug history
Occupation
Social history

22. Examination The Primary Lesions:
Primary lesions are physical changes in the skin considered to be caused directly by the disease process. Types of primary lesions are rarely specific to a single disease entity.
The Secondary Lesions:
Secondary lesions may evolve from primary lesions, or may be caused by external forces such as scratching, trauma, infection, or the healing process.

23. Primary Skin Lesions Macule
A macule is flat area of skin discoloration which is less than 0.5 cm in diameter

24. Papule
Palpable elevation of the skin less than 0.5 cm

25. Nodule
A circumscribe palpable mass, lump larger than 1 cm

26. Patch
A flat lesion greater than 0.5 cm in diameter

27. Plaque
A slightly raised lesion greater than 0.5 cm in diameter

28. Vesicle
It is a raised lesion less than 0.5 cm in diameter containing clear fluid

29. Bulla (blister)
It is a vesicle that is greater than 0.5 cm in diameter

30. Pustule
It is a raised lesion less than 0.5 diameter containing yellow fluid

31. Wheal
It is a transient, itchy, pink swelling of the skin

32. Secondary Skin Lesions
Crust
It is a dried exudate, which may have been serous, purulent or hemorrhagic.

33. Excoriation
A secondary, superficial ulceration due to scratching

34. Lichenification
A flat topped thickening of the skin due to chronic scratching

35. Scar
It is a white, smooth, firm, shiny lesion.

36. Scaling
A scale is a flat plate or flake due to aggregation of shed epidermal cells.

37. Atrophy
Thinning and transparency of the skin is caused by diminution of the epidermis.

38. Erosion
A partial break in the epidermis

39. Ulcer
It is a full thickness loss of the epidermis that heals with scaring.

46. Questions?

47. Clinical Manifestation
Classical plaque psoriasis

48. Scalp Psoriasis

49. Nail Psoriais

50. Psoriatic Arthritis
Arthritis occurs in 10-25% of patients.

51. Psoriasis of palms and soles

52. Erythrodermic Psoriasis

53. Oral Lichen Planus

54. Seborrheic Dermatitis
A very common dermatosis charactrized by redness, scaling in sebaceous gland area.
Role of Malassezia yeasts.

55. Clinical Features
The hallmark of impetigo is superficial lesion covered with a heavy honey colored crust.
It may be associated with acute glomerulonephritis.

57. Erysipelas
A cutaneous streptococcal infection characterized by sharply demarcated lesions, commonly in face.
The organism gains entry through minor abrasion.

58. Cellulitis Usually due to Streptococci, but with deeper involvement.
The organism enter through abrasion or pre-existing dermatological condition such as leg ulcer.

59. Clinical features of Type 1
The characteristic picture of primary herpes is a fine vesicles that rupture to form erosions in lips, face, with fever.

60. The cornea could be involved

61. Type 2
Usually due to sexual transmission

62. Herpes simplex and erythema multiforme

63. Clinicherpes zoster

64. Ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve

65. In adult (Candidal intertrigo)

66. Oral Candidosis

67. Systemic candidosis

68. Clinical features

69. Tinea Corporis
It infects mostly the trunk, itchy,

70. Tinea Cruris

71. Tinea pedis
Mostly in young adult, showers, swimming pools

72. Kerion Inflammatory reaction to the fungi, boggy appearance
Associated with fever, pain, scarring alopecia

73. Tinea Unguium (onychomycosis)

74. Acne 1- describe Coexisting open and closed comedones,
Papules, pustules, and nodular lesions
Lesion are located primarily on face, neck, and upper trunk
Diagnosis: acne

75. Acanthosis negricans
The flexsor surfaces of the neck, axillae, and groin are the main affected sites
Nearly 75% of obese \ patients develop this lesion.
There is a strong association with insulin resistance.
Weight loss is the primary interventions required.
This lesion is associated with malignancy

76. Thank u