1. First Five
Complete the chart above.
Give an example for each term.

2. Answers to First Five

3. Announcements Nutrition Quiz Retakes: Class meetings this week:
Correct your quiz
Retakes will be available beginning Monday, April 14
Class meetings this week:
Maroon: Monday & Friday
Gold: Tuesday & Thursday
If you have any Coursework, turn it in TODAY

4. Asexual vs. sexual reproduction
Topics
Diploid vs. Haploid
Mitosis vs. Meiosis
Asexual vs. sexual reproduction

5. 2 Different types of cells
BODY CELLS (Somatic)
SEX CELLS (Gametes)
DIPLOID: Have 2 copies of each chromosome: one from mother and one from father
46 total in each body cell
Examples: sperm and egg cells
HAPLOID: Only have 1 copy of each chromosome
23 in total

6. 2 Different types of Cell Division
Body Cells (Somatic)
Sex Cells (Gametes)
Made by MITOSIS
Made by MEIOSIS

7. Mitosis Creates two genetically identical daughter cells
Chromosome number is maintained by the exact duplication of chromosomes.

8. Inheritance - Meiosis
Half of the genetic information in a cell is passed on to new cells
When the cells are preparing for sexual reproduction.
The new cells are called gametes.
Two types of gametes: egg and sperm
Meiosis results in genetic variation

9. Meiosis
The original cell is diploid and the daughter cells are haploid.
1 diploid cell
4 unique haploid cells

10. MITOSIS OR MEIOSIS?
As we go through the following, identify whether the statement is describing mitosis or meiosis and write in the correct column
Mitosis
Meiosis

11. MITOSIS OR MEIOSIS? Produces 2 cells Occurs in somatic (body cells)
Has 2 separate divisions
In humans, produces cells with 46 chromosomes

12. MITOSIS OR MEIOSIS? Produces 2 cells - Mitosis
Occurs in somatic (body cells) - Mitosis
Has 2 separate divisions - Meiosis
In humans, produces cells with 46 chromosomes - Mitosis

13. MITOSIS OR MEIOSIS? New cells are different from each other
Produces new diploid cells
Cell divides only once
Produces 4 cells

14. MITOSIS OR MEIOSIS? New cells are different from each other - Meiosis
Produces new diploid cells - Mitosis
Cell divides only once - Mitosis
Produces 4 cells - Meiosis

15. MITOSIS OR MEIOSIS? Produces cells that are identical to each other
Produces haploid cells
Occurs in sex cells (gametes)
In humans, produces cells with 23 chromosomes

16. MITOSIS OR MEIOSIS?
Produces cells that are identical to each other - Mitosis
Produces haploid cells - Meiosis
Occurs in sex cells (gametes) - Meiosis
In humans, produces cells with 23 chromosomes - Meiosis

17. Quick Review
What type of cells does mitosis produce? How many chromosomes are in these cells?
2) What type of cells does meiosis produce? How many chromosomes are in these cells?

18. Cambridge Practice Question: Fill-in-the blanks
Choose words from the list to complete each of the spaces in the paragraph. Each word may be used once only and some words are not used all.
Allele diploid dominant gene haploid sexual heterozygous homozygous meiosis mitosis recessive

19. Cambridge Practice Question: Fill-in-the blanks
Allele diploid dominant gene haploid sexual heterozygous homozygous meiosis mitosis recessive
In humans there is a condition known as cystic fibrosis. This is controlled by a single _1_which has two forms. One form causes cystic fibrosis while the other does not.
Gametes are formed by _2_ which produces cells with only one copy of each chromosome, which means that they are _3_. When two humans reproduce, their gametes fuse at fertilization to form a _4_zygote. This is an example of _5_ reproduction.

20. Cambridge Practice Question: Fill-in-the blanks
Allele diploid dominant gene haploid sexual heterozygous homozygous meiosis mitosis recessive
Neither of the two humans has cystic fibrosis but one of their three children does have the condition. This means that cystic fibrosis is controlled by a _6_allele and that each of the parents is _7_.

21. Mitosis and Meiosis are Related to Reproduction
Asexual reproduction
One parent makes offspring that are genetically identical to itself and each other
Processes: Cloning, “budding” (e.g. in yeast), binary fission (e.g. in bacteria)
Sexual reproduction
TWO parents produce unique offspring

22. Asexual Reproduction
ONE parent produces genetically identical offspring.
There are four main types of asexual reproduction:
Binary Fission
Budding
Vegetative Propagation
Regeneration

23. Examples of Asexual Reproduction
Binary fission

24. Examples of Asexual Reproduction
Budding

25. Examples of Asexual Reproduction
Vegetative propagation

26. Examples of Asexual Reproduction
Regeneration

27. Benefits of Asexual Reproduction
Rapid population growth
Requires less energy to reproduce
All organisms are capable of reproduction (not just the females of the species)
One organism can make a whole population
Less likely to become extinct
Each offspring is a genetic copy of the parent

28. Disadvantages of Asexual Reproduction
The primary disadvantage of asexual reproduction is:
THERE IS NO GENETIC DIVERSITY!
This means that a population of genetically identical organisms is more susceptible to disease and can’t adapt easily to a changing environment.

29. Sexual Reproduction Sexual reproduction requires two organisms.
Happens when the two gametes (sex cells) fuse together to create a new and genetically different offspring.

30. Stop and Jot
How is Meiosis related to Sexual Reproduction?

31. Advantages of Sexual Reproduction
Creates more genetic diversity in the offspring.
More adaptability
More variation
Greater chance of mutation
Greater chance of survivability when faced with environmental change

32. Disadvantages of Sexual Reproduction
It requires two individuals with opposing gametes (sex cells).
Organisms must use a lot of energy nourishing and growing a new baby organism.
Yes, plants put a lot of energy into growing new baby plants… Seeds anyone? It takes a lot of energy to produce all the crap tons of pollen in the air and to make fruits/nuts.

33. Comparing Asexual and Sexual Reproduction
Type
ASEXUAL
SEXUAL
Number of parents
What do offspring look like?
DNA
One parent
2 parents
Different from parents but still similar
Identical to parent
Combined DNA of 2 parents
Same as parent

34. Asexual
DNA
DNA
Sexual
DNA
DNA
DNA +
Sperm
Egg
Zygote

35. DNA DNA DNA DNA DNA DNA DNA DNA Asexual DNA DNA Sexual +
All offspring identical – no variation
DNA
DNA
Sexual
DNA
DNA
DNA +
DNA or
DNA
DNA
All offspring different – considerable variation or
DNA
DNA

36. Whiteboard Races Create a Venn Diagram on a large whiteboard
Fill in as many similarities or differences as you can
After 3 minutes, groups will rotate and add on to each new group’s
Asexual
Sexual

37. Cambridge Practice Problems
This is due on FRIDAY (Maroon) or THURSDAY (Gold)

38. Classwork: Reproductive Strategies
You will be assigned a group number, 1-6
On a computer, go to the class weebly
You and your group will read about two organisms: one that reproduces sexually and the other asexually
Record information in your table and be prepared to share with the class