1. Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University
Institute of Vocational Studies
Submitted By
Yogita
B.Ed. I Year, Section-‘A’

2. THE
DELHI
Presenting…
SULTANATE.

3. General Objectives
The era of Delhi Sultanate is an important part of Indian history.
Students will understand the transformation of Delhi into a capital that controlled vast areas of the subcontinent.
This unit will enhance the skill of enquiry and highlight the unique features of each dynasty.
The students will also be enriched with the knowledge of achievements of the Delhi Sultan
How intermingling of Islamic and Hindu traditions resulted in the creation of art, architecture, language, literature and music.
At the end of this unit, the students will be able to compare and contrast the unique features of one dynasty with the other and also compare the present with the past

4. Specific Objectives The Students would be able to- Knowledge-
Acquire knowledge about the history of India
Acquire knowledge about the Delhi Sultanate and
Its culture and
Rules imposed by various sultans
Understanding-
Understand the impact of various rules on the culture and economy of Delhi
Application
Students develop patriotism to some extent
Understanding of economy helps them in personal life as well
Unit Plan Original.docx

5. Introduction
The Delhi sultanate is a noble example for the glory of ancient India.
Its culture, art and architecture that exists even today is praiseworthy.
The Sultans of Delhi ruled for quite a long period of 320 years during which there were achievements in different fields.

6. Contents Dynasties which ruled over Delhi. Slave dynasty.
Khilji dynasty.
Tughlaq dynasty.
Lodi dynasty.
Causes for the decline of Delhi sultanate

7. THE DELHI SULTANATE.
After the death of Mohammed Ghori in 1206 AD; his Indian Empire passed onto the hands of his viceroy Qutub-ud din-Aibek as he had no successors.
He later became the founder of the slave dynasty.
The Delhi Sultanate was established by Qutub-ud-din-Aibek in 1206AD.
Altogether five dynasties from 1206 to1526AD formed Delhi Sultanate.

8. Important ruler dynasties and their founders
SLAVE DYNASTY- Qutub-ud-din-Aibek.
KHILJI DYNASTY- Jalal-ud-din khilji.
TUGHLAQ DYNASTY-Ghiyas-ud-din Tughlaq.
LODI DYNASTY-Bahlul Khan Lodi.
A picture of the Tomb of Sikander Lodi

9. SLAVE DYNASTY:
Mohammed Ghori had left the task of administering his Indian conquest to Qutub-ud-din-Aibek-his slave.
After the death of Mohammed Ghori, he declared himself the sultan of Hindustan.
He ruled for 4 yrs, later he was succeeded by Iltumush.
In turn he was succeeded by Razia begum who was killed in a battle in1240AD.
Balban was the next important sultan.

10. KHILJI DYNASTY
Jalaluddin Khilji established Khilji dynasty.
The founder of Turkish dynasty, Jalaluddin Khilji was seventy when he ascended the throne.
He defeated the descendants of Balban, being victorious came to power.
He was kind hearted, mild and had faith in nature.
Alauddin-khilji ascended the throne after killing his uncle and father-in-law, Jalaluddin-khilji.

11. TUGHLAQ DYNASTY
Ghiyas-ud-din-Tughlaq defeated &killed the last ruler of Khilji dynasty & founded Tughlaq Dyansty in 1320AD.
He was succeeded by his son Mohammed-bin-Tughlaq.
He ruled from 1325 to 1351 AD.
He was a good calligraphist, scholar,writer & an orator.
Firoz Shah Tughlaq was a powerful ruler after Muhammad-bin-Tughlaq.
He built a new capital at Delhi & named it Firozabad.
He founded the cities of Hissar,Fetehbad & Jaunpur.
After the death of Firoz Shah Tughlaq the Delhi sultanate gradually declined.

12. LODI DYNASTY
Bahlul Khan Lodi was an Afghan noble who was a great soldier.
Alam Shah voluntarily abdicated the throne to him.
Bahlul Khan seized the throne on April 19, 1451 with the support of his minister Hamid Khan.
He was the first Afghan ruler of Delhi.
Bahlul Khan extended his territories over Gwalior, Jaunpur and upper Uttar Pradesh.
He appointed his eldest son Barbak Shah as viceroy of Jaunpur in 1486.
Nizam Shah succeeded Bahlal Khan Lodi under the title Sikander Shah
Ibrahim lodi was the last ruler of this dynasty after whose death Delhi Sultanate came to an end and Babur laid the foundations of The Mughal Empire.

13. Highlights of the Delhi Sultanate 14th Century Sultanate Culture
Sufi practice spreads in N. India – love & devotion to realize God
Bhakti movement spreads also – fundamental unity of all religions
Persian language is used by elite Muslims in India
Elite culture spurs greater trade although many farmers are hurt by tax policies
Urbanization spreads
Exports flourished
Cotton & silk textiles
Paper industry
Leather making
Metal crafts
Carpet weaving
Sultanate coinage in the 14th century

14. Works of The Sultans
Taxes are not standardized between rulers and widely fluctuate causing hardship
Peasants pay 1/3 -1/2 of produce in taxes plus other types of taxes
Rebellions in the countryside
Sultans build canals and irrigation works to expand agriculture- didn’t help much
Ibn Battuta visits in the first half of the century. He is sent by the Sultan as a representative to China

15. Sultanate Expansion – 14th C
Mongols try to invade 6 different times.
In the early 14th century the Sultan travels from the north after repelling the Mongols to the south to expand his kingdom.
This conquest only lasts a very short time.

16. Islam in India
Delhi Sultanate founded by Turkic Mamluks employed by rulers of Afghanistan
Early rulers had to defend north from attempted Mongol invasions
Power derived from military highways, trade routes and the ability to control military and provincial Governers
Introduced copper & silver coins
Destroyed some Hindi temples to build Mosques
Many refugees arrived from Persia after the Mongol invasions bringing many skills.

17. Mosques Built By Sultans
Quwait-ul-Islam and Moti Masjid were the two most eminent mosques built during Delhi Sultanate
Incorporated Islamic design into India and developed new features by adapting Indian features into its design.
The minaret on the left is the tallest structure in medieval India

18. Sultanate in the 15th Century
Timur invades in 1398
Delhi Sultanate loses territory throughout the 1400’s
Increasing rebellions led by the nobles
Last ruler defeated in 1526 by invading Mughals.

19. Sultanate Legacy Protected India from being ravaged by the Mongols
Maintained social separateness from Hindus
Introduced new art and architectural styles into India
Facilitated trade in the Indian Ocean due to elite culture demands
Ultimately failed due to constant rebellions of Muslim nobles and Hindu peasants

20. The nobles became the king makers & controlled the weak sultans.
Causes For The Decline Of Delhi Sultanate
There was no definite law of succession, after the death of each sultan ,the situation gave rise to many civil wars.
The nobles became the king makers & controlled the weak sultans.
Jagir system gave rise to disintegration that weakened the kingdom.
The invasion of Timur & Babur was the main cause for the downfall of the Delhi sultanate.

21. Let’s Sum Up

22. Evaluation Who is accredited with the foundation of Delhi Sultanate?
Name the first dynasty of Delhi sultanate?
Who was the founder of the first dynasty? Why it is known as Ilbari (slave dynasty)?
Name the king who did not allow to laugh in his court?
Which king introduced Navroze festival to his court? Which dynasty he belonged to?
Amir Khusrau and Mir Hassan Dehlvi were the contemporaries of which emperor?
Name the first Afghan dynasty?
Painting reached its zenith during the rule of which emperor?
Which was the last dynasty of Delhi Sultanate? Also name its last ruler

23. Conclusion:
The Delhi sultanate was a lengthy chapter with detailed study of five dynasties which is difficult to remember . This project will help the students to remember better due to its attractive effects. “ONE TIME SEEING IS BETTER THAN THOUSAND TIMES OF LISTENING” .

24. Sources and Their Evaluation
BIBLIOGRAPHY.
Sources and Their Evaluation