1. Advanced Laying Techniques
Module

2. Upon completion of this module, you will be able to:
Transparency 1
Objectives
Upon completion of this module, you will be able to:
1. Recognize the structural principles and fundamental uses of basic types of walls.
2. Recognize the requirement for, and function of, control joints and expansion joints.
3. Build various types of walls using proper reinforcement, jointing, and bonding techniques.
4. Lay out specialty structures such as maintenance holes, segmented block walls, and screens.
5. Identify and explain the different types of masonry arches used today.
6. Lay out a semicircular arch and a jack arch.

3. 2. Lay out specialty structures and arches.
Transparency 2
Performance Tasks
1. Lay a wythe of brick against a block wythe or wood frame backing to make a composite wall. Use ties and a collar joint.
2. Lay out specialty structures and arches.

4. Transparency 3
Figure 2 – Single-Wythe Solid Brick Wall

5. Transparency 4
Figure 3 – Single-Wythe Solid Concrete Block Wall

6. Transparency 5
Figure 4 – Multi-Wythe Solid Brick and Concrete Block Walls

7. Transparency 6
Figure 5 – Corner Construction of Single-Wythe Walls

8. Transparency 7
Figure 6 – Corner Construction of
Single-Wythe Walls Using Special Blocks

9. Transparency 8
Figure 7 – Masonry Bond Beam

10. Transparency 9
Figure 8 – Masonry Units for Bond Beam

11. Transparency 10
Figure 9 – Bond Beam Reinforcements

12. Transparency 11
Figure 10 – Stretcher Course

13. Transparency 12
Figure 11 – Header Course

14. Transparency 13
Figure 12 – Truss-Type Metal Ties

15. Transparency 14
Figure 13 – Adjustable Metal Ties

16. Transparency 15
Figure 14 – Brick Cavity Wall and Concrete Block Cavity Wall

17. Transparency 16
Figure 15 – Corner Construction in a Cavity Wall

18. Transparency 17
Figure 17 – Various Types of Ties for Cavity Walls

19. Transparency 18
Figure 18 – Use of Flashing in Cavity Walls

20. Transparency 19
Figure 19 – Weep Holes

21. Transparency 20
Figure 20 – Composite Wall with Masonry Bond

22. Transparency 21
Figure 21 – Brick Veneer on Frame Surface

23. Transparency 22
Figure 22 – Brick Veneer on Masonry Surface

24. Transparency 23
Figure 23 – Brick Veneer Details

25. Transparency 24
Figure 25 – Masonry Curtain Wall Mounting

26. Transparency 25
Figure 26 – Types of Retaining Walls

27. Transparency 26
Table 1 – Safe Bearing Pressure of Soils

28. Transparency 27
Figure 28 – Cantilever-Type Retaining Wall

29. Transparency 28
Table 2 – Example Specifications for Reinforced Concrete
Masonry Retaining Wall

30. Transparency 29
Figure 29 – Drainage for Retaining Wall

31. Transparency 30
Table 3 – Pressure on Walls from Wind Gusts

32. Transparency 31
Figure 33 – Three Types of Coping

33. Transparency 32
Figure 34 – Design for Pier and Panel Wall

34. Transparency 33
Table 4 – Pilaster Spacing for Wind Pressure

35. Transparency 34
Table 5 – Reinforcements for Wind Pressure

36. Transparency 35
Figure 35 – Layout for a Serpentine Garden Wall

37. Transparency 36
Table 6 – Thermal Movement of
Common Building Materials

38. Transparency 37
Figure 36 – Locations for Control Joints

39. Transparency 38
Table 7 – Control Joint Spacing

40. Transparency 39
Figure 37 – Control Joint Using Standard Masonry Units

41. Transparency 40
Figure 38 – Special Block for Control Joints

42. Transparency 41
Figure 39 – Premolded Gasket Control Joint

43. Transparency 42
Figure 40 – Z Bar Control Joint

44. Transparency 43
Figure 41 – Pencil Rod Control Joint

45. Transparency 44
Figure 42 – Expansion Joints

46. Transparency 45
Figure 43 – Typical Locations of Expansion Joints

47. Transparency 46
Figure 44 – Expansion Joints in Straight Walls

48. Transparency 47
Figure 45 – Expansion Joints at Offsets and Junctures

49. Transparency 48
Figure 46 – Expansion Joints Near Corners

50. Transparency 49
Figure 47 – Horizontal Expansion Joints at Shelf Angle

51. Transparency 50
Figure 48 – Catch Basin

52. Transparency 51
Figure 49 – Batter Block Used for
Maintenance Holes and Catch Basins

53. Transparency 52
Figure 51 – Parts of an Arch

54. Transparency 53
Figure 53 – Determining the Radius of a Semicircular Arch

55. Transparency 54
Figure 54 – Wooden Arch Form Set in Place

56. Transparency 55
Figure 59 – Locating the Radial Circle of a Jack Arch

57. Transparency 56
Figure 60 – Determining Brick Spacing for a Jack Arch