1. Sources of Thermal Energy
Topic 7

2. Sources of Thermal Energy
Energy is often converted before we can use it
Many sources come with environmental concerns

3. Sources of Thermal Energy
Mechanical
Chemical – burning fuel
Electrical – generators
Nuclear
Wind
Geothermal
Solar
Fossil Fuels (*)

4. Mechanical Energy

5. Generation of Electric Energy
Fuel is burned to produce heat
Heat is transferred to water to produce steam
Steam is channeled
Steam used to turn turbine which in turn cranks the generator

6. Generation of Electric Energy

7. Chemical Energy
Chemical energy can be transformed into thermal energy when wood or coal is burned
Impact: Pollution is caused by the release of greenhouse gases when fossil fuels are burned
Coal

8. Sheerness Thermal Generating Station – Hanna

9. Hydro-Electric Energy
Gravity is used to pull water over dams to turn turbines, attached to generators
Mechanical energy of the generators creates electricity

10. Hydro-Electric Energy
Impact: Habitats are affected, heated waste water is produced and ecosystems are reshaped

11. Itapú Dam

12. Nuclear Energy

13. Pickering Nuclear Power Plant

14. Wind Energy
Wind turbines spin from the force of the wind, powering a generator

15. Wind Energy
Impact: the spinning turbines create areas of low pressure, when bats enter the pocket, the low pressure causes their lungs to explode

16. Bill Nye  Finite = limited Harnessing = using Joe Barton =
not a scientist :P

17. Wind Energy

18. Wind Energy - Canada

19. Geothermal Energy Geo – to do with the earth Thermal – related to heat
Volcanoes, hot springs and geysers are sources of geothermal energy
This heat creates steam which is harnessed in power plants on the surface
Geothermal vs. other sources

20. Geothermal Energy
HDR (Hot, dry rock) is another technique – water is pumped down, heated and resurfaces as steam, which is used to generate power

21. Geothermal Energy
This is a clean and environmentally friendly technique
It could reduce the threat of oils spills, pollution from fossil fuels and their wastes
The initial cost of installing geothermal is still quite high.

22. Solar Energy

23. Solar Energy Solar energy is clean and unlimited
There are two ways to use solar power:
Passive Solar Heating – uses the materials in the structure to absorb, store and release solar energy
Active Solar Heating – uses mechanical devices to collect and distribute the thermal energy

24. Solar Energy – Passive

25. Solar Energy – Active

26. Solar Energy

27. Fossil Fuels

28. Fossil Fuels Big Problems: Non-renewable
Greenhouse gases contributing to global warming

29. Fossil Fuels – Cogeneration
This uses about 2/3 fossil fuel, and released thermal energy is put to use as well

30. Other Energy Sources Organisms burn food to generate body heat
Composts are a source of thermal energy – Decomposers break down food and release thermal energy, speeding up decomposition (waste management)
Turkey power!
Internal Combustion Engine

31. Think About it!
What else could be used as an energy source?

32. Conserving Our Fossil Fuel Resources
Topic 8

33. Introduction We still use many fossil fuels:
Coal is burned
Oil and gas are used
How can we reduce our use?
Technology gives us ways to use energy more responsibly.

34. Programmable Thermostats

35. Hot Water on Demand p.252

36. Thermal Energy Movers
Thermal energy movers transfer thermal energy from one location to another at a different temperature
Fridges and air conditioners
The operation of these devices requires refrigerants to remove thermal energy from food.

37. Thermal Energy Movers
As the refrigerant evaporates, it absorbs the thermal energy from the food so it cools down.
This warmed gas is then compressed and releases the thermal energy into the room.
Deconstructed: Fridge

38. Thermal Energy Risks Some harmful effects of thermal energy are:
burning ourselves on a hot utensil (us)
forest fires (our environment)
burning houses (our belongings)
What are some other negative effects of thermal energy use?

40. Thermal Energy By-products
Not all the dangers of using thermal energy are as obvious as the ones already discussed.
Sulfur-dioxide is released when coal and natural gas are burned.
This gas is an irritant to the eyes, nose and throat.
It contributes to the production of Acid Rain

41. Thermal Energy By-products
Carbon monoxide is produced when a fire burns without enough oxygen.
It is colorless and odorless.
Hinders brain reasoning and is lethal
Smoke detectors and CO detectors should be installed in every building to protect the people from being overcome by these lethal gases.

42. Thermal Energy By-products
Carbon dioxide that is released from the burning of fossil fuels is a greenhouse gas, which traps heat energy in our atmosphere and leads to global warming

43. THE END!
Go through the homework questions and study guide to make sure you understand everything
Study from your quizzes and notes
Remember you will need to convert temperatures
Go online and use your text for review