1. Agreement
Nouns and Adjectives

2. Big Ideas: Nouns Nouns are people, places and things.
In Spanish, all nouns are either masculine or feminine.
All nouns are also either singular or plural depending on how many there are.

3. Big Ideas: Gender
Normally, nouns that end in ‘o’ are masculine and words that end in ‘a’ are feminine.
If we are talking about a group of people that has males and females, we use the masculine plural version as the default.

4. Definite Articles
When you learn a noun or see it in the dictionary, it will have a definite article. These words mean “the.”
Masculine
Feminine
Singular EL LA
Plural
LOS
LAS

5. Definite Article Practice
Are these words masculine or feminine? Singular or plural?
La chica
Las clases
El estudiante
Los amigos

6. Definite Article Practice
Are these words masculine or feminine? Singular or plural?
La chica FEMININE, SINGULAR
Las clases FEMININE, PLURAL
El estudiante MASCULINE, SINGULAR
Los amigos MASCULINE, PLURAL

7. Indefinite Articles
If you are talking about nouns, you might use the word “a” or “some” instead. That’s called an indefinite article.
Masculine
Feminine
Singular UN
UNA
Plural
UNOS
UNAS

8. Article Practice What do these phrases mean? La chica Unas clases
Un estudiante
Los amigos

9. Article Practice What do these phrases mean? La chica THE GIRL
Unas clases SOME CLASSES
Un estudiante A STUDENT
Los amigos THE FRIENDS

10. Big Ideas: Adjectives
Adjectives are words that describe nouns (big, tall, kind, difficult).
In Spanish, we put adjectives AFTER nouns in a sentence.
In Spanish, adjectives have to match the noun it describes in gender and number.

11. More Big Ideas: Agreement
If an adjective ends in ‘o,’ you can switch it to an ‘a’ to make it feminine.
If an adjective ends in a vowel, you add an ‘s’ to make it plural.
If an adjective ends in a consonant, you add an ‘es’ to make it plural.

12. Adjectives
So most adjectives in Spanish actually have 4 versions:
“GOOD”
Masculine
Feminine
Singular
BUENO
BUENA
Plural
BUENOS
BUENAS

13. Adjectives
Or, if it ends in ‘e’ or a consonant, it only has 2 versions.
“BIG”
Masculine
Feminine
Singular
GRANDE
Plural
GRANDES

14. Adjective Practice What do these phrases mean? La chica alta
Unas clases buenas
Un estudiante serio
Los amigos jóvenes

15. Adjective Practice What do these phrases mean?
La chica alta THE TALL GIRL
Unas clases buenas THE GOOD CLASSES
Un estudiante serio A SERIOUS STUDENT
Los amigos jóvenes THE YOUNG FRIENDS

16. Your Turn How would you say these phrases in Spanish? The big class
A tall boy
Some old men
The young woman

17. Your Turn How would you say these phrases in Spanish?
The big class LA CLASE GRANDE
A tall boy UN CHICO ALTO
Some old men UNOS HOMBRES VIEJOS
The young woman LA MUJER JOVEN

18. Ser
If you want to make a sentence describing someone with an adjective, you need the verb SER.
SINGULAR FORMS
PLURAL FORMS
Yo SOY
Nosotros/as SOMOS
Tú ERES
Vosotros/os SOIS
Él/ella/usted ES
Ellos/ellas/ustedes SON

19. Full Sentences
Use a form of ser and matching adjectives to make these sentences.
I am big.
She is tall.
We are old (m&f).
The girls are serious.

20. Use a form of ser and matching adjectives to make these sentences.
I am big. YO SOY GRANDE.
She is tall. ELLA ES ALTA.
We are old (m&f). NOSOTROS SOMOS VIEJOS.
The girls are serious. LAS CHICAS SON SERIAS.