1. CLAY 7

2. CLAY The most common types of ceramic clays are: Earthenware Stoneware
Porcelain
EARTHENWARE: Earthenware is a low-fire clay that is porous and not waterproof.
GREENWARE: Greenware generally refers to unfired pottery.
Mud; moist, sticky dirt. In ceramics, clay is fine-grained, firm earthy material that is plastic when wet, brittle when dry, and very hard when heated.

3. Working With Clay

4. PLASTIC: Clay is plastic when it can be easily manipulated - modeled, molded or pressed into a desired shape; malleable.
LEATHER HARD: In ceramics, leather hard is a state in which clay has lost moisture to evaporation, but has not yet completely hardened. The clay is damp enough to be joined to other pieces with scoring and slip.
BONE DRY: In ceramics, greenware which is thoroughly room dried is said to be bone dry. Ready to be fired.
Drying Stages

5. Clay Building Techniques

6. TECHNIQUES

7. WEDGING
A technique to make clay plastic and remove air pockets. The clay is thoroughly kneaded and cut before use in modeling or pottery.

8. COILS
Long, snakelike ropes of clay that are used in making pottery. The coil method of making pottery involves building the walls of a pot with a series of coils into the required shapes.

9. PINCH POTS
Pinching is a fundamental pottery technique. Making a pinch-pot is pressing the thumb into a ball of clay, and drawing the clay out into a pot by repeatedly squeezing the clay between the thumb and fingers.

10. SLAB BUILDING
Clay slabs are cut to shape and joined together using scoring and wet clay called slip. Scoring and applying slip to such roughened surfaces creates a bond that holds the pieces together.

11. RELIEF
A type of sculpture in which form projects from a background. There are three types of relief: high, low, and sunken.
In high relief, the forms stand far out from the background.
In low relief (best known as bas-relief), they are shallow.
In sunken relief, the backgrounds are cut back and the points in highest relief are level with the original surface of the material being carved.

12. Putting It All Together

13. Adhering clay together.
SCORING:  Making scratches in pieces of clay to be joined together is called scoring.
CLAY SLIP: mixing clay with water makes Slip.  Slip is a fine, liquid form of clay used with scoring to cement together parts that have been formed separately.
SLIP AND
SCORING
Adhering clay together.

14. SLIPPING AND
SCORING

15. Completing the process...

16. KILN: A kiln is a special oven or furnace that can reach very high temperatures and is used to bake, or fire clay.
FIRING:   Firing is the process of baking and hardening pottery. The high temperature fuses the clay particles together, hardening the clay. Temperatures in kilns can reach 2500 degrees.
BISQUE: Bisque clay has been fired once but has not been glazed.
FIRING YOUR CLAY

17. Good Examples...

21. Needs Improvement...

24. Criteria...

26. For more information and tips!
Next Steps
Fill out your proposal. Leave the self- assessment portion for later.
Bring your proposal to me and collect an ice cream bucket and clay.
Immediately add tape to the lid and bucket and write your name on both.
Get a wedge board, water bucket, and sponges, also get wet paper towel for wrapping your clay in later.
Begin wedging your clay. If time permits you can begin your design.
Go to:
Tombainesclayblog.wordpress.com
For more information and tips!