1. Historical Disaster Research in Japan and Indonesia
-International Cooperation for the Security and Peace-
Ryosuke KAJITA, PhD
Research Institute for Humanity and Nature / Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University
Japan

2. World Development Natural Disaster (earthquake, eruption, floods,etc)
Now rapidly ongoing in Indonesia and other Asian countries.
Natural Disaster
(earthquake, eruption, floods,etc)
Huge Damage
Once huge natural disaster occur, whole country will be face a serious situation.
It is difficult task for government to overcome without international cooperation.

3. Recent Natural Disasters in Indonesia
2010, October,
Eruption of Mount Merapi, Java
Ash covers wide area and it paralyzed transportation network
2004, December, magnitude 9.1
Sumatra Earthquake and Tsunami
Aceh, Indonesia, coastal area of Indian Ocean suffered.

4. Recent Natural Disasters in Japan
2014, September
Eruption of Mount Ontake
63 people killed, this was deadliest eruption since 1902 in Japan.
2011, March, magnitude 9.1
Great East Japan Earthquake
Tsunami hit coastal area of Tohoku. It also caused Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant

5. How to Decrease the Damage
Japanese Government and Academic
Since 3.11 Earthquake in 2011, “Headquarters for Earthquake Research Promotion”, changed their policy.
Earthquake is not Predictable and we cannot stop the Earthquake.
How to Decrease the Damage
“Nankai Trough Earthquake”
Mg-9 class is predicted to happen in next 30 years.
Governments are now making effort to construct effective disaster management plan to DECREASE the damage.

6. Interdisciplinarity Multidiscipline Trans-disciplinarity
Disaster Research
Monodiscipline
Disaster Prevention
Mechanism
History
Geography
Interdisciplinarity Multidiscipline Trans-disciplinarity
Medical
Law
Civil Engineering
Mitigation
Seismology

7. “Stone Monument” warns local people to run away from tsunami
Since 2011 Earthquake, “Historical Seismology”
“Historical Volcanology”
“Stone Monument” warns local people to run away from tsunami

8. Since 2011 Earthquake, “Historical Seismology”
“Historical Volcanology”
“Historical Materials” picture shows the tsunami, eruption, landslide, in old time of Japan.

9. “Historical Materials” describe the disasters by handwriting,
Since 2011 Earthquake, “Historical Seismology”
“Historical Volcanology”
“Historical Materials” describe the disasters by handwriting,

10. Indonesia has a long history of Dutch colonial era, 16th-20th century
This method can also be used in Historical Disasters research in Indonesia.
Indonesia has a long history of Dutch colonial era, 16th-20th century
Documents, (governmental reports, postal mail, almanack)
Indonesia
・Perpustakaan Nasional,
・Arsip Nasional (Jakarta)
Netherlands
・Leiden University (Leiden),
・National Archives of Netherlands (the Hague)

11. Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch-Indie (Dutch title)
“Physics Journals in Dutch-Indies”, published in , annually, scientific reports

12. Java, zijne gedaante, zijn plantentooi, en inwendige bouw (Dutch title)
“Java, its form, plantation, and its geological structure”, published in 1854 by Junghuhn
, earthquake and eruption record

13. Source Criticism and Information Evaluation
Observed Records are precious information to understand past disasters.
But…
Source Criticism and Information Evaluation
Need to think about the Historical Description whether it is true or not.
Records can be analyzed for periodicity of seismic activities
Local societies and people’s response against disaster
Lessons from the Past

14. ASEAN JAPAN human resources, financial support, emergency response
International Relationship and Cooperation
ASEAN
JAPAN
Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines, Brunei, Vietnam, Thailand, Laos, Myammar, Cambodia
Important relationship in many aspects
When the natural disasters occurred in one of the country, we immediately help each other with
human resources,
financial support,
emergency response

15. Recent China’s Rapid Approach and Development
Paracel Islands and Spratly Islands are Rapidly approached by China for their development in surrounding ocean area.
CHINA
Japanese Government and PM.Abe
1, to strengthen Japan-US Alliance for security and peace in Asia-Pacific Regions
2, commitment to “administration of the law”. Not by the power, but by the Law.
3, International Understanding about these areas.

16. KEEP a STRONG Relationship
Even there are conflict between the neighouring countries,
KEEP a STRONG Relationship
Disasters are unpredictable,
Mitigation and Preparedness needs to be improved.
Emergence Response and Recovery needs support from abroad.
For the Security and Peace for people in the Disaster-prone country,
Above stated 4 phases are MUST taken Action.

17. Terima Kasih
Thank you
ありがとうございます