1. Jenn Riley Metadata Librarian Digital Library Program
An Introduction to the Open Archives Initiative Object Reuse and Exchange (OAI-ORE)
Jenn Riley
Metadata Librarian
Digital Library Program
An Introduction to the Open Archives Initiative Object Reuse and Exchange (OAI-ORE) Jenn Riley, Metadata Librarian Digital Library Program
The group behind the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH) has recently released a beta specification for a new protocol, entitled Open Archives Initiative Object Reuse and Exchange (OAI-ORE). OAI-ORE "defines standards for the description and exchange of aggregations of Web resources," a need commonly faced by digital libraries. This presentation will provide an introduction to the OAI-ORE data model and serializations of OAI-ORE "resource maps"
in Atom and RDF. It will also discuss the movement towards data sharing by digital libraries using mechanisms native to the Web rather than in library-centric, high-value and low adoption protocols.

2. This is all pretty new! OAI-ORE v1.0 specs released October 17, 2008
DLP Brown Bag Series Fall 2008
11/19/2008
This is all pretty new!
OAI-ORE v1.0 specs released October 17, 2008
Content, especially diagrams, in this presentation, adapted from
Not going to explain all the details, just the ones that look like they’ll be useful to production digital libraries

3. Purposes of OAI-ORE Identify “aggregations” of content
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11/19/2008
Purposes of OAI-ORE
Identify “aggregations” of content
Describe constituents/boundaries of aggregations
That’s it.
Does not prescribe a protocol for transferring content between repositories
Just about identifying in a machine-readable way what’s there, rather than providing tools for doing anything with that information

4. Design principles Built on web architecture Uses RDF principles
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11/19/2008
Design principles
Built on web architecture
leverage the integrated nature of the web
use existing infrastructure to build semantics
Uses RDF principles
think “subject,” “predicate,” object
but not only encoded in RDF
extends into Linked Data and Cool URIs

5. The problem
DLP Brown Bag Series Fall 2008
11/19/2008
1. The URI of the human start page.
2. The formats in which the document is available, i.e. PostScript, PDF, etc. These are effectively the constituents of the aggregation that is the arXiv document. For the remainder of this example we will consider this human start page, the splash page, as also a constituent of the aggregation
3. The title of the arXiv document.
4. The authors of the arXiv document.
5. The creation and last modification date of the arXiv document.
6. Identifiers of entities that are in some manner comparable to this arXiv document. For example, a version of this document was later published as an article in a peer-reviewed journal, and the Digital Object Identifier of that article is shown.
7. The versions of this document.
8. Links to other arXiv documents in the same collection (i.e., astro-ph).
9. Citations made by this arXiv document, and citations it received from other documents.

6. Definitions Objects of interest are resources
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Definitions
Objects of interest are resources
Resources have URIs that identify them
Aggregations:
stand for a set or collection of resources
an aggregation is itself a resource
A resource map is a resource that describes the aggregation
A representation is a datastream obtained after dereferencing a URI (e.g., for a resource map)

7. DLP Brown Bag Series Fall 2008
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An example

8. DLP Brown Bag Series Fall 2008
11/19/2008
More detail

9. Requirements for Resource Maps
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Requirements for Resource Maps
ore:describes
referring to the aggregation resource
dcterms:creator
MUST be a reference to a Resource of type
and be a human (???)
dcterms:modified
referring to when the RM was last updated

10. Some potential features for Aggregations
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Some potential features for Aggregations
ore:aggregates
referring to resources that make up the aggregation
rdf:type
no defined vocabulary
expected to use vocabularies other (reputable?) bodies develop (e.g., DCMI Type)

11. So what’s the point of all of this again?
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11/19/2008
So what’s the point of all of this again?
A fancy way to say things belong together
machine-readable
machine-understandable?
Fundamentals that could enable many higher- level services
presumably including “re-use” and “exchange”
but don’t define those services here

12. Another possible feature of Resource Maps
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Another possible feature of Resource Maps
MAY include additional properties about the Aggregation and Aggregated Resources, such as:
relationships among the Aggregated Resources,
relationships from the Aggregated Resources to other Resources,
and other properties
RMs are probably not all that useful to DLs unless this feature is employed

13. Some potential relationships between Aggregated Resources
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Some potential relationships between Aggregated Resources
dcterms:isVersionOf
dcterms:replaces
dcterms:references

14. Serializations Atom RDF/XML RDFa
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Serializations
Atom
RDF/XML
RDFa
METS serialization tentatively planned

15. Accessing Resource Maps over HTTP
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Accessing Resource Maps over HTTP
RECOMMENDED: 303 redirection and content negotiation
Simpler use of 303 redirection for a single Resource Map
Limited but simple strategy using hash URIs
RFDa (or microformats) either alone or in addition to other formats
HTTP Proxy URIs and ORE Proxy URI resolver at

16. Possible ReM for digitized book
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Possible ReM for digitized book
Diagram by Tim Cole, UIUC

17. Possible ReM for annotation of a text
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Possible ReM for annotation of a text
Diagram by Tim Cole, UIUC

18. Possible ReM for data and published paper based on it
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Possible ReM for data and published paper based on it
Diagram by Tim DiLauro, Johns Hopkins

19. How the DLP could use OAI-ORE
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How the DLP could use OAI-ORE
As shared data representation for scenarios like those we just saw
ReMs in RDFa behind individual item HTML displays to describe multiple versions
Treat “collections” as aggregations and expose ReMs from DLP home page
Connect online secondary sources to primary sources we deliver
???

20. The bottom line OAI-ORE adds a tool to our ever-growing cabinet
DLP Brown Bag Series Fall 2008
11/19/2008
The bottom line
OAI-ORE adds a tool to our ever-growing cabinet
Won’t solve all of our problems
But looks promising as one strategy for putting our collections in the flow.

21. Thank you! For more information: jenlrile@indiana.edu
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11/19/2008
Thank you!
For more information:
These presentation slides: < bbfall08/ore/oaiore.ppt>
OAI-ORE Specifications and User Guides: <