1. Chapter 4
The Hellenistic World

2. Macedonia and the Conquests of Alexander
Philip II (359 – 336 B.C.E.) and the Conquest of Greece
Philip’s reforms
Athenian reaction to Philip
Battle of Chaeronea (338 B.C.E.)
Corinthian League

3. Alexander the Great (336 – 323 B.C.E.)
The Legacy: Was Alexander Great?
Military leader
The Hellenistic Age
Cultural legacy
Cities
Settlers
Alexander’s Conquests
Granicus River (334 B.C.E.)
Issus (333 B.C.E.)
Syria, Palestine and Egypt (332 B.C.E.)
Gaugamela (331 B.C.E.)
Persepolis (330 B.C.E.)
India (327 B.C.E.)
Hydaspes River (326 B.C.E.)
Death of Alexander (323 B.C.E.)

4. The World of the Hellenistic Kingdoms
Disintegration of the Empire
Hellenistic Monarchies
Macedonia – Antigonids
Syria – Seleucids
Pergamum – Attalids
Egypt – Ptolemies
The Threat from the Celts
Political and Military Institutions
Common political system
Greco-Macedonian ruling class

5. Hellenistic Cities Settlement of Greeks Greek Culture
Political Institutions Modeled after the Polis
Exclusion of Local Population
Spread of Hellenistic Culture in Near East

6. Economic Trends in the Hellenistic World
The Importance of Agriculture
Shift of Manufacturing Centers to the East
Commercial Expansion
Trade routes
Variety of products

7. Hellenistic Society New Opportunities for Women The Role of Slavery
Upper-class women
Spartan and Athenian women
Queens
The Role of Slavery
Sources of slaves
Contributed to the Hellenizing process
Slaves absorbed Greek ways
The Transformation of Education
The evolution of the gymnasium
The diffusion of Greek culture

8. Culture in the Hellenistic World
New Directions in Literature
Theocritus (c. 315 – 250 B.C.E.)
Menander (c B.C.E.)
New Comedy
Polybius (c. 203-c. 120 B.C.E.)
History
Hellenistic Art
Patrons, architects, and sculptors

9. A Golden Age of Science and Medicine
Astronomy
Aristarchus (c B.C.E.)
Eratosthenes (c B.C.E.)
Geometry
Euclid (c. 300 B.C.E.)
Archimedes of Syracuse ( B.C.E.)
Medicine

10. Philosophy: New Schools of Thought
Epicureanism
Epicurus (341 – 270 B.C.E.)
Doctrine of “pleasure”
Stoicism
Zeno (335 – 263 B.C.E.)
Public Service – Politics
The Focus on Human Happiness

11. Religion in the Hellenistic World
The Decline of Civic Cults
Mystery Religions
Cult of Isis
The Jews in the Hellenistic World
Judaea
Judah Maccabaeus (164 B.C.E.)
Jews outside Judaea

12. Discussion Questions
Why was King Philip successful in conquering the Greeks?
Why was Alexander so successful in building his empire?
What impact, if any, did Hellenistic culture have outside of Europe?
How did slaves fare in the Hellenistic world? Why?
What were the main goals of Greek philosophy in the third and second century B.C.E.? How did these goals differ from philosophy during the classical period?
What do mystery cults tell us about Greek tolerance toward other cultures?