1. Life in the War
Ch. 16 Sec. 2

2. Why did so many volunteer to fight?
Majority of soldiers were between 18 and 30 years of age
Both Confederate and Union armies had younger and older soldiers, whose ages range from 10 to 83

3. Joining Up Volunteers rushed to enlist, join the army
~Many were farmers who had never been far from home
Germans and Irish immigrants made up the largest ethnic groups

4. African Americans Wanted to Fight
African American soldiers saw the war as a way to end slavery
Issue- neither the North or the South accepted African Americans into their armies-(at first)
As war dragged on, the North took African Americans into their ranks
About 2 million men served in the Union Army and less than 1 million fought for the Confederacy

5. Turning Civilians into Soldiers
Civilians sent to an army camp for training
Union soldiers were issued blue uniforms
Confederate soldiers wore gray or yellowish-brown

6. Poor Quality
Early in the war, Northern soldiers received clothing of very poor quality
Contractors/ private suppliers, often supplied shoddy goods
In the Confederacy, some states had trouble providing uniforms at all
~Confederate soldiers sometimes lacked shoes!
*After battles needy soldiers took coats , boots, and other clothing from the dead

7. How was the Civil War different from previous conflicts?
Advances in military technology brought high casualties
Primitive medical techniques and filthy conditions helped spread disease

8. Unhealthy Conditions
Military camps were filthy and smelled from odors of garbage and latrines
Soldiers themselves were filthy
~Went weeks without bathing or washing their clothes
~Bodies, clothing, and bedding became infested with lice and fleas
~Spread of sickness and disease

9. Ewwwww….
Doctors preformed surgeries with out washing their hands or medical instruments
~Because of this more soldiers died of disease than on the battlefield

10. Medical Tools

11. Civil War Prison Camps (POW)
Prisoners of war in both the North and the South faced terrible conditions
One of the worst prisons in the North was in Elmira, New York
One of the worst prisons in the South was Anderson, Georgia

12. Rifles and Minie Balls
Rifle- gun with a grooved barrel that spins a bullet through the air
Minie ball- is a bullet with a hollow base
~Bullet expands upon firing to fit the grooves in the barrel
Rifles with minie balls could shoot farther and more accurately than old-fashioned muskets, therefore mounted charges did not work as well.

13. New Technology cont... Naval warfare is also changed
~Ironclads were naval warships covered with iron
~Ironclads were faster and better-protected than wooden ships
In March 1862, off the coast of Virginia, a Union ironclad named the Monitor, fought the Merrimack, a Confederate ironclad
This battle ended in a draw…

14. Monitor and the Merrimack

15. The Battling Ironclads

16. Technology of the time (text feature) p. 520
Using a thinking map or Cornell notes, please take notes on Civil War Technology.

17. Changes in Military Technology
Railroads and Cannons
Changed battlefield strategies
Rifles and minie balls
Grenades
Trenches