1. INCLUSIVE VALUE CHAIN COLLABORATION
GAABIC
UENR
Opportunities and constraints to smallholder farmers’ engagement in value-chain collaborations in the cocoa and oil palm farming sectors of Ghana.
Ataa-Asantewaa Martha, UvA

2. INCLUSIVE VALUE CHAIN COLLABORATION
Voluntary association of actors in and of the value-chain (Ros-Tonen et al.,2015).
Eg. AGL/Lindt/Farmers, BOBOP
Improve smallholder farmers access to;
Inputs
Market
Technology/innovations
Trainings/capacity building

3. INCLUSIVE VALUE CHAIN COLLABORATION
Why this research ?
Adverse inclusion
Exclusion

4. INCLUSIVE VALUE CHAIN COLLABORATION
Research Question
How do policies and other contextual factors affect
smallholder farmers engagement in Value-chain
collaborations?

5. INCLUSIVE VALUE CHAIN COLLABORATION
Study areas & Respondents
Kwaebibirem District –Eastern Region- 6 communities
Ahafo-Ano North District (Tepa)- Ashanti Region- 6 communities
Upper Denkyira East Municipal- Central Region-6 communities
23 key informant interviews
6 FGDs with farmers

6. INCLUSIVE VALUE CHAIN COLLABORATION
Results Verification

7. COCOBOD’s Cocoa mass spraying and Fertilizer distribution;
Fertilizer distribution, when did it start? 2003 or 2014 and what happened in-between?
Is the strategy to supplement or takeover?
The strategy is disengaging farmers from VCCs with LBCs and PCs?

8. COCOBOD’s Cocoa mass spraying and Fertilizer distribution;
The strategy has increased farmers access and use of inputs
but
It has discourage buying and using of inputs at its absence?
It has made the right inputs scarce to farmer?
It has made farmers reluctant to get into input schemes with LBCs?

9. COCOBOD’s Cocoa mass spraying and Fertilizer distribution;
Lack of involvement of LBCs? What about the rep on the district taskforce?
Farmers prefer LBCs take over and LBCs think it will be more efficient if they are involved?
Farmers benefit more from schemes (VCCs) by LBCs than from the government?

10. The President Special Initiative on Oil Palm (PSI-Oil Palm)
Project excluded some farmer with land as a criteria for inclusion?
Abunu system the main source of land for majority of farmers in BOPOP
But
The abandonment of the PSI created a conflict for farmers with land owners?
What is the current state of the PSI? and the status of the PSI mill?

11. The President Special Initiative on Oil Palm (PSI-Oil Palm)
Oil palm companies do not stick to their part of the Outgrower agreement?
Farmers prefer selling to Kramers instead of the companies?
Farmers prefer non-formalized agreements than formalized agreements in VCCs?

12. Culture and Norms
Deny women and the youth access to land for cash crop production?
Deny women and the youth access to credit?
Limits men in the marketing of produce? so
Culture interact with conditions for VCCs to deny women and the youth access?

13. INCLUSIVE VALUE CHAIN COLLABORATION
References
Interviews March to June 2016.Farmers and other actors in cocoa and oil palm production
in the 3 districts of the 3 regions.
Ros-Tonen, M.A.F, Y-P.B. Van Leynseele, A. Laven, and T. Sunderland
Landscapes of Social Inclusion: Inclusive Value-Chain Collaboration through the Lenses of
Food Sovereignty and Landscape Governance. European Journal of Development Research
27: 523–540.

14. INCLUSIVE VALUE CHAIN COLLABORATION
Thank You