1. NULL HYPOTHESIS

2. HYPOTHESIS TESTING
Hypotheses are made about the population. Collect sample data to draw inferences about the population.
HO = Null Hypothesis (the “ho-hum” hypothesis)
includes statement of equality (=, ≥, ≤), has no effect, status quo, no difference, treatment did not work, stays the same
try to provide evidence against, try to reject
accept HO if p ≥ 0.05
accept HO if p ≥ 0.05
HA = Alternative Hypothesis (the “Aha!” hypothesis)
does not include statement of equality (≠ , >, <), has an effect, changed, difference, treatment worked, better, fewer, more likely, less likely, claim
try to provide supporting evidence, try to accept
accept if HA if p < 0.05 and HO was rejected