1. vaccines
Antibodies(Ig) are produced by the body in response to the first attack by a germ or virus.
Vaccine can trigger antibodies without being sick.
You will be exposed to a killed or weakened version of the bacteria(toxoid) or virus(virion).
The ideal vaccine gives the body
enough exposure to the intruder to allow it to recognize it as a threat, but not enough of
an exposure to risk the contraction of the disease
Currently there are vaccines for over 20 different diseases

2. vaccines
During outbreaks a certain number of vaccinated individuals will still contract the disease –strain. Most vaccines are extremely safe to use, but they are not completely free of side effects. Usually unless the patient is allergic to a component in the vaccine, most complaints after administration consist of soreness or redness at the administration site or a low grade fever
FDA has the "Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System”
the PTCE has asked questions regarding the administration of the vaccine

3. vaccines
SQ - 23 to 25 gauge needle 5/8 to 3/4 inch long - fatty tissue on back of upper arm
IM - 22 to 25 gauge needle 1 to 1.5 inch long - deltoid muscle by shoulder

4. Poliomyelitis
Vaccine Abbreviation– IPV(inactivated polio virus)
Common Name-- Polio
Invader Type-- Virus
Result of Infection-- Paralysis usually of the legs
Vaccine Administration-- SQ
Special Comments
- Requires a series of four vaccinations

5. Rubella
Vaccine Abbreviation-- MMR (combination)
Common Name-- German Measles
Invader Type-- Virus
Result of Infection Distinctive red rash
Vaccine Administration-- SQ
Special Comments
Contained in the MMR (Measles-Mumps-Rubella) combination vaccine
Rubella is closely related to Measles but is caused by a different virus
VERY damaging in pregnant women, especially in the first trimester
- can cause fetus death or abnormalities -MMR Requires 4 vaccinations

6. Varicella
Vaccine Abbreviation-- Varivax
Common Name-- Chicken Pox
Invader Type-- Virus
Result of Infection-- Red Itchy Rash Vaccine Administration– SQ
Shingles=herpes zoster=old chickenpox
Vaccine is Zostavax

7. Diptheria
Vaccine Abbreviation-- DTaP (combinations) or DPT
Invader Type --Bacteria
Result of Infection-- Bad sore throat, fever, swollen gland and weakness
Vaccine Administration --IM
- Contained in DTaP (Diptheria - Tetanus - Pertussis) combination vaccine in
Td (Tetanus - Diptheria for adults) and DT (Diptheria - Tetanus for Children)
- DTaP requires 5 vaccinations

8. Mumps
Vaccine Abbreviation-- MMR (combination)
Invader Type-- Virus
Result of Infection: Swelling in one or both parotid salivary glands
Vaccine Administration --SQ
Special Comments—4 vaccinations

9. Pertussis
Vaccine Abbreviation-- DTaP (combination), sometimes called DPT
Common Name-- Whooping Cough
Invader Type-- Bacteria
Result of Infection-- Severe hacking cough followed by high pitched intake of breathing
sounds like a whoop
Vaccine Administration-- IM
Special Comments
- Contained in DTaP (Dipthena - Tetanus - Pertussis) combination vaccine

10. Hepatitis B
Vaccine Abbreviation-- HBV
Invader Type-- Virus
 Result of Infection-- Chronic liver infection
Vaccine Administration --IM
Special Comments

11. Influenza
Vaccine Abbrev-- Flu
Common Name-- Flu
Invader Type --Virus
Result of Infection --Infection of the upper respiratory system high fever, and body aches
Vaccine Administration-- IM
Special Comments
Every year is new flu immunization
- Each year the flu vaccine is made using the three most likely flu viruses

12. Tetanus
Vaccine Abbreviation-- DTaP Td, DT (combinations)
Common Name-- Lock Jaw
Invader Type --Bacteria
Result of Infection-- Stiffness of the jaw and other muscles
Vaccine Administration-- IM
Special Comments
- Contained in DTaP -requires 5 vaccinations

13. Vaccine Abbreviation-- PPV (adults)=
Pneumococcal
Vaccine Abbreviation-- PPV (adults)=
Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine
PCV (infants)= Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine
Common Name-- Pneumonia
Invader Type --Bacteria
Result of infection --Inflammation of the lungs
Vaccine Administration --IM
Special Comments.
Protects from 23 different types of pneumoccal bacteria
Infant form requires 4 vaccinations

14. Variola
Common Name --Smallpox
Invader Type --Virus
Result of Infection --Fever, malaise headache, severe fatigua. severe back pain, flat red lesions that fill with pus and erupt, deep pitted scars
Vaccine Administration-- Scratch method
Special Comments
Actually, the Smallpox vaccine does not contain the smallpox virus Instead it contains a live form of a closely related virus called vaccinia. Unlike other vaccines that are injected either SQ or IM the small pox vaccine is administered by using a special needle with two tines that scratch the surface of the skin lo introduce the vaccine. This area contains active live virus, and is very contagious It can be spread to other parts of the body or to other individuals if the area is touched. It will remain contagious until the scab falls off.

15. Consider storage…
Varicella---frozen until use MMR—freezer or refrigerator MMRV—frozen Inactivated vaccines---stored in refrigerator Live attenuated vaccines---stored in refrigerator Flu mist vaccine---has special freeze box

16. immunity Acquired immunity---body made antibodies
Natural Active acquired—you got the infection
Artificial active acquired---vaccine
Attenuated vaccine---pathogen weakened so that gives immunity but will not yield disease.
Antigen=immunogen
igG=goes across placenta. Protects leukoctyes and erthroctyes
igA= protects mucous membranes
igM=largest ig. First responder. Can destroy antigen.
igD=minimal ig. For milk, insulin, penicillin allergies
igE=causes allergies when combines with antigen