1. COMMUNICATING IN GROUPS & LEADERSHIP
Interacting in Groups; Importance of Groups; Leadership & Communication
“A group becomes a team when each member is sure enough of his or her own contribution to praise the ideas of others.” (Pinner, 2003: p216)

2. What is a Group?
A group has 2+ members who interact and communicate with each other to achieve a common purpose.
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3. teamwork is crucial for success in an org.
permits an exchange of info & ideas for individuals to be part of a team
teamwork is crucial for success in an org.
feedback invaluable – provides people to state views and listen to others.
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4. VALUES OF GROUPS Ideas – better decisions Objectives – aim or purpose
Commitment – do the tasks & get it done
Knowledge and understanding
Teamwork – listening & working together
Innovation – keep growing or progress
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5. Why do we join a group? We agree with its purpose We seek interaction
For personal satisfaction
For propinquity (nearness in time, place or relationship
For productivity (useful; profitable)
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6. Functions of groups To achieve aims quickly and efficiently
To encourage contact with others
To expand one’s knowledge
To improve problem solving methods
To encourage commitment to others
To encourage communication with others (V, O & NVC)
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7. Characteristics Interaction give & take – vital to group’s success.
Face-to-Face
helps interpret body language
tune-in to +ve & -ve re-enforcements.
Influence on one another
each member adapts to beliefs expressed by other members.
Feedback
positive (praise) and
negative (+criticism)
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8. Levels/Stages in Group Interaction
Orientation (Forming) - seek clarification
Conflict (Storming) – agreement established, leadership emerges
Emergence (Norming) – group reach consensus
Reinforcement (Performing) – unity, commitment to group purpose
Adjourning – ability to let go, to move on (Tuckman B, 1965)
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9. Adaptive Skills Managerial Skills – Interpersonal Skills –
- strategic planning (goals, aims, objectives)
- financial and budget planning
- organisation and monitoring
Interpersonal Skills –
- basic manners
- ethics and behaviour
- people skills
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10. PSYCHOLOGICAL & DYNAMICS
- Preparation (thinking)
Thought & contribution (wastage of time)
Dynamics (interaction in groups)
- way the group is led
- influences of various members
- degree of conflicts, co-operation and competition
- the fewer the members – easier to control
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11. GUIDELINE FOR LEADING A DISCUSSION
Preparation – stationary, venue and sitting and time.
Preliminaries – introductions, queries, discussions, participation, record and presence.
During discussion – ‘lead with your head and not your heart’, encourage involvement, feedback and creativeness.
End – Summarise, finish on time and use compromise and commitment.
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12. GUIDELINES FOR PARTICIPATION
Co-operation
Clarity & logic
Acceptance and open-mindedness
Contribution
Interest
Ask questions
Knowledge of values, strengths & weaknesses
Enthusiasm & progress
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13. Roles in Discussions
Recorder – listen, think, organise and write the same time)
Facilitator – trained/appointed to make work easy in groups with organisation and execution of ideas
Leader – (task oriented) initiates, coordinates and discusses
(process oriented) controls and encourage human interaction, discussions, feedback and conflict resolution if need be.
Destructive (blocker/s) – 12 types e.g. non-participants, critics, aggressors, attention seekers (devil’s advocate), obstructionist, obstinant (stubborn), clown, overly talkative, rambler (dodger) etc…
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14. GROUP LEADERSHIP
Promotes, leads, informs, interprets, encourages, stimulates, referee, judge, moderates and conciliates.
* handles most important task
* develops sense of direction
* initiates discussion
* delegates members’ responsibility
A good leader leads with fairness and knowledge.
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15. Types of Leadership
Authoritarian – dictatorial. Decisions pushed through regardless of objections
Democratic – shared participation.
Permissive/Supervisory – group members set ground rules, leader does the least work.
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16. CONCLUSION
Groups are important and a necessity for many of us to grow and belong
Relationships – work 2gether – to make it work
However it is important to not only take but also to give and progress
As leaders; it is important to lead by example, manage & control
As members; learn to abide and commit to groups for interactive, positive outcomes & reinforcements.
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