1. Japan Strikes in the Pacific
Chapter 32, Section 2
vs.

2. Introduction
Japan attacks Pearl Harbor in Hawaii and brings the United States into World War II

3. Surprise Attack on Pearl Harbor

4. 1. Bombing of Pearl Harbor
Japanese launched surprise attack, sinking or damaging almost the entire US Pacific Fleet.
US declared war on Japan.

5. Japan and the United States
Japan develops a plan for attacks on European colonies and U.S. bases
In 1941 President Franklin D. Roosevelt cuts off oil shipments to Japan.
Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto plans attack on U.S. fleet in Hawaii

6. Route of Japanese Fleet Attacking Pearl Harbor

7. Waves of the Attack
First wave, 182 planes
Second wave, 171 planes

8. USS Arizona Memorial

9. Day of Infamy
Japan attacks Pearl Harbor—U.S. Naval base in Hawaii—on December 7, 1941
U.S. declares war on Japan December 8, 1941.
Japan also attacks Hong Kong, Thailand, and other islands

10. 2. Japanese Victories Guam and Wake Island The Philippines
a. Japanese attack Philippine Islands defended by U.S., Filipino troops.
b. Philippine islands fall to Japanese in 1942.

11. Bataan Death March http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uQWdETwFACs
The forcible transfer of 75,000 American and Filipino prisoners of war in the Philippines from the Bataan peninsula to prison camps
Beheadings, cut throats and casual shootings were the more common and merciful actions — compared to bayonet stabbings, rapes, disembowelments, numerous rifle butt beatings and a deliberate refusal to allow the prisoners food or water while keeping them continually marching for nearly a week in tropical heat.

12. Pictures of the Bataan Death March

13. Propaganda Poster in the U.S. after the Bataan Death March

14. Bataan Death March Memorial “The Battling Bastards of Bataan”

15. Gains in Many Places
Japan captures British holdings, including Hong Kong and Singapore.
Japan conquers the Dutch East Indies which is rich in minerals
Japan captures Burma. This threatens India, Britain’s main possession in Asia.
Japanese forces treat conquered peoples and prisoners of war brutally

16. 2. Fall of Southeast Asian Colonies
Through a planned series of attacks in the Pacific, Japan seized control of rich European colonies.
Helped Japan replenish depleted resources and cut China off from its supply route through Burma.

17. Doolittle Raid
a. U.S. bombers attack Tokyo and other Japanese cities in April 1942.
(Here Lt. Col. James H. Doolittle wires a Japanese medal to a bomb, for "return" to its originators in the first U.S. air raid on the Japanese Home Islands.)
b. Raid does little damage, but shows that Japan is vulnerable.

18. 3. Doolittle’s raid on Japan
As revenge for Pearl Harbor US sent 16 B-25 bombers to bomb Japanese cities.
Showed that Japan could be attacked and raised American morale.

19. Allies Turn the Tide
Battle of the Coral Sea—Americans stop Japanese advance, May 1942.
New kind of naval warfare—ships launch planes to fight each other (see next slide).

20. 4. The Battle of the Coral Sea
Following interception of Japanese attack on Port Moresby, Japanese & American naval fleets fought to a draw.
Introduced a new kind of naval warfare using only airplanes; stopped Japan’s expansion southward.

21. Bombers do not engage each other, but pass each other on the way to the enemy aircraft carrier.

22. 5. The Battle of Midway
American carrier planes defeated Japanese fleet poised to attack Midway Island, a key American airfield.
Reversed the tide of war in the Pacific.

23. The Allies Strike Back The Battle of Midway
Japanese send powerful fleet to capture Midway Island.
Battle of Midway—U.S. destroy half of Japan’s aircraft carriers causing Japan to retreat.

24. An Allied Offensive MacArthur’s Plan
Douglas MacArthur—American army commander in the Pacific.
He plans to “island-hop” past strongholds in order to attack weaker Japanese bases.

25. Guadalcanal
Battle of Guadalcanal—hellish battle that ends in Allied victory.

26. 6. The Battle of Guadalcanal
US marines, with Australian support, seized Japanese airfield and fought on land and sea for control of island of Guadalcanal.
Forced Japan to abandon island of Guadalcanal; began MacArthur’s island hopping counterattack.