1. Unit 10 Forest Management
Determine the relationship of forests to the environment and the recommended practices for using forest.
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2. Introduction
Forest land: land at least 10% stocked by forest trees of any size
Timberland: forest land producing more than 20 cubic feet per acre, per year of industrial wood and that has not been withdrawn from timber use by statute or administrative regulation
Inserted comma after acre

3. Introduction (cont’d.)
Forest: complex association of trees, shrubs, and plants that all contribute to the life of the community
Tree: woody perennial plant with a single stem that develops many branches

4. Introduction (cont’d.)
Shrub: woody plant with a bushy growth pattern and multiple stems
Lumber: boards sawed from trees
Board foot: unit of measurement for lumber that equals 1 x 12 x 12 inches
Evergreen: tree that does not shed leaves yearly

5. Introduction (cont’d.)
Conifer: evergreen tree that produces seeds in cones, has needle-like leaves, and produces softwood
Deciduous: tree that sheds its leaves yearly and produces hardwood

6. Forest Regions of North America

7. Relationships between Forests and Other Natural Resources
Important to overall well-being of the ecological system
Forests play important roles in the water cycle
Reduce impact of rain; store water in watershed
Remove pollutants from air and runoff
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8. Relationships between Forests and Other Natural Resources (cont’d.)
Many relationships between forests and wildlife
Provide homes and shelter
Safeguard water quality
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9. Some Important Types and Species of Trees in the United States
Softwoods
Douglas fir
Balsam fir
Hemlock: Eastern and Western
Cedar: Eastern Red, Eastern White, Western Red
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10. Some Important Types and Species of Trees (cont’d.)
Softwoods (cont’d.)
White pine
Southern pine
Ponderosa pine
Sitka spruce
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11. Some Important Types and Species of Trees (cont’d.)
Hardwoods
Birch
Maple
Poplar
Sweetgum
Oak: white and red
Aspen
Ash
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12. Some Important Types and Species of Trees (cont’d.)
Hardwoods (cont’d.)
Beech
Cherry
Hickory
Sycamore
Black Walnut
Black Willow
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13. Agri-Profile Career areas: dendrology/silviculture/forestry
Dendrologist: study trees
Silviculturist: tree care
Forestry consultant
Urban forester
Arborist

14. Tree Growth and Physiology
Obtain needed nutrients from environment
Carbon dioxide from air; water (hydrogen and oxygen)
Simple sugars: manufactured by leaves
Leaves convert simple sugars to complex sugars and starches
Nitrogen and soil minerals: used to make proteins

15. Tree Growth and Physiology (cont’d.)
Complete growth cycle
Starts from seed, to shoots and roots
Adds diameter by adding cell layers
Takes in water and minerals by roots
Each year grows new cambium, xylem, and phloem
Heartwood
Inactive core; strength and rigidity
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16. Properties of Wood Hardness Weight Shrinkage Warp Ease of working
Paint holding

17. Properties of Wood (cont’d.)
Nail holding
Decay resistance
Bending strength
Stiffness
Toughness
Surface characteristics

18. Woodlot Management Woodlot: small, privately owned forest
Silviculture: scientific method applied to forest management
Arboriculture: ornamental trees’ care and management

19. Woodlot Management (cont’d.)
Restocking a woodlot
Management of a growing woodlot

20. Science Connection Conserving our biodiversity
Disappearing rainforests (jungles)
Many plant and animal species: only found in jungles
Once cleared: jungle area is often lost forever
Earth’s biodiversity: threatened by tropical rain forests’ destruction

21. Woodlot Management (cont’d.)
Planning a harvest cutting
Clear-cutting, seed-tree cutting, shelterwood cutting, diameter limit cutting, and selection cutting
Hyphenated clear-cutting

22. Hot Topics in Agriscience
Integrated pest management
Controls harmful insects or other pests
Provides protection for useful organism
Chemical pesticides: emergency situations
Natural enemies and other biological control strategies
Does not attempt to kill all harmful insects
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23. Woodlot Management (cont’d.)
Salvage harvesting
Protecting a woodlot
Fire
Pests
Domestic animals
Harvesting a woodlot

24. Hot Topics in Agriscience
To fight or not to fight
Fire as a natural occurrence of forest management: burn underbrush, ground litter, and smaller trees
Lodge Pole Pine tree: seeds require intense heat
Beginning in early 1900s: forest fires not allowed to burn
Forests today: more dense; management by logging and controlling forest fires
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AU: Is there enough information about seed germination in the following? Lodge Pole Pine tree: seeds require intense heat

25. Seasoning Lumber Essential to guard against damage
Slow drying: rot, stain, insect damage
Quick drying: warping, splitting
Stacking immediately after sawing
Off ground with air circulating
Protected from weather
Quick seasoning in kiln