1. بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم

2. Persistent Organic Pollutants: Pesticides

3. Dr. Tawfiq Al-Antary Prof of Pesticides and Economic Entomology University of Jordan – Faculty of Agriculture

4. :Pesticides committee
Dr.Tawfiq Al-Antary
Eng.Hussein Estatyeh
Eng.Seham Al-Heeh
Eng. Belal Qteishat
Eng.Ramzi mherat
Eng.Ahmad Nasser Al-Deen

5. A. The current situation of stock piles of POPs: pesticides

6. Table (1-2): POPs pesticides name, concentration, quantity and place of storage in Jordan.
Name of pesticides and concentration
Quantity
Place of storage
DDT 100%
13015 Kg
Ministry of Health Store
DDT 75%
9130 Kg
Dieldrin
175 Lt.
Ministry of Agriculture Store
Agrocide
60 Kg

7. Plate (1-1): DDT in the Ministry of Health Store in 2006, before its disposal.

8. Plate (1-2): Dieldrin in the Ministry of Agriculture Store in 2006, Before its disposal.

9. Table (1-3): The old and new POPs within the Stockholm Convention.
POPs Groups
Old 12 POPs
New 10 POPs
POPs Pesticides
Aldrin, DDT, Endrin, Dieldrin, Chlordane, Mirex, Toxafene, Heptachlor, Hexachlorobenzene(BHC=H CB=HCH)
Lindane, Chlordecone, Pentachlorobenzene, α-HCH, β-HCH, Endosulfane, PFOS
Industrial POPs
PCB
PFOS, PBDE
(hexabromobiphenyl, Hexabromodiphenyl ether and Heptabromodiphenyl ether, Tetrabromodiphenyl ether и Pentabromodiphenyl ether)
Unintentional POPs
PCDD and PCDF, PCB, HCB
Pentachlorobenzene

10. Table (1-4): The new POPs pesticides and the actions taken by Ministry of Agriculture of Jordan.
Situation
Date of Publication
Inventory in 2014
Alpha hexachlorocyclohexane (α- HCH),& Beta hexachlorocyclohexane (β- HCH),&(HCH Mixed Isomers )
Band, the decision was taken by the pesticides registration committee due to the information received from PIC.
Final decision was published on: 12/7/ 1993
There is no quantity found in stores
Endosulfane
Band, the decision was taken by the pesticides registration committee and date of entry into enforce the final regulatory action 1/1/1993
Final decision was published on: 12/12/2003
There is no quantity found in stores. It can be found in soil samples as residues.
Chlordecone
Not imported nor produced neither registered to be used in Jordan -
Lindane (γ-HCH)
Band, the decision was taken by the pesticides registration committee due to the information received from PIC.
Final decision was published on : 12/12/ 2001
There is no quantity found in stores
Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS)
Pentachlorobenzene

11. Inventory Results

12. Table (1-5): Common name, trade name, pesticide group, CAS NO
Table (1-5): Common name, trade name, pesticide group, CAS NO., mode of action, date of prohibition, reason of prohibition of the added POPs pesticides.  

13. Not imported nor produced neither registered to be used in Jordan
Common Name
Trade Name
Pesticide Group
CAS NO
Mode of action
Date of banning
Reason of banning
Alpha hexachlorocyclohexane (α-HCH),& Beta hexachlorocyclohexane (β- HCH),&(HCH Mixed Isomers ) -
Insecticides
Mixed isomers
Non systemic
Final decision was Published on : 12/7/ 1993
According to PIC
Endosulfane
Dofan , Endosol, Afidan 5
Insecticide, Acaricide
Non-systemic insecticide and acaricide with contact and stomach action. Uses Control of sucking, chewing, and boring insects and mites on a very wide range of crops
Date of entry to enforce the final regulatory action on 1/1/1993
Chlordecone
Insecticide
Insecticidal control of cockroaches and ants
Lindane (γ-HCH)
Gamma-Col' 'Lindamul' 'Lintox'
Mode of action Insecticide with contact, stomach, and respiratory action. Uses Mainly for soil and seed treatment. Control of a broad spectrum of phytophagous and soil-inhabiting insects, public-health pests, and animal ectoparasites. Used on a wide range of crops
Final decision was .published on: 12/12/ 2001
Pentachloro-benzene
---
Fungicide
Curative
Not imported nor produced neither registered to be used in Jordan

14. B. Monitoring of pesticides in agricultural crops

15. Table 2.2.1: Comparison Between Pesticide Residues in The Agricultural Commodities in The Study Of and Studies Conducted in, , , For Imported Samples.

16. Study in 2011/2012
Percentage %
Study in 2007/2008
Study in
Study in
Study in
Samples number
400
---
200
195
Number of samples that contained pesticides below MRL. 22
5.5 44 11 29
14.5 26 13 12
6.2
Number of samples that didn’t contain pesticides
377
94.25
355
88.75
170 85
174 87
183
93.8
Number of samples that contained pesticides higher than MRL. 1
0.5
Number of samples that contained pyrethroid compounds 3
0.75 10 5 6 4
2.1
Number of samples that contained organophosphorus compounds
3.25 18
4.5 21
10.5 9
4.6
Number of samples that contained organochlorine compounds - 2
Number of samples that contained banzelite compounds
Number of samples that contained phthalamid compounds
Number of samples that contained conzawl compounds
Number of samples that contained other pesticides group

17. Table 2.2.2: Comparison Between Pesticide Residues in The Agricultural Commodities in The Study Of and Studies Conducted in, , , For Local Agricultural Commodities .

18. Study in
Percentage %
Study in
Study in
Study in
Study in
Samples number
400
---
200
195
Number of samples that contained pesticides below MRL. 16 4 33
8.25 47
23.5 45
22.5
8.2
Number of samples that contained pesticides which don’t have MRL. - 2 1
Number of samples that contained pesticides higher than MRL.
0.25
0.5
Number of samples that didn’t contain pesticides
383
95.75
365
91.25
151
75.5
155
77.5
179
91.8
Number of samples that contained pyrethroids 6
1.5 3
Number of samples that contained organophosphates
0.75 8 9
4.5 14 7
Number of samples that contained chlorinated hydrocarbons 10 5
3.5
Number of samples that contained banzelites
2.5
Number of samples that contained phthalamids
Number of samples that contained dithiocarbamates 18
Number of samples that contained oxazoledeniles
Number of samples that contained bridzenones
Number of samples that contained conzawls
Number of samples that contained other pesticides 13
3.25

19. c. Monitoring of chlorinated hydrocarbon Pesticide Residues in Mothers’ Milk  

20. Tables 2.2.3: Comparison between RSS Study of and Study in for Determination of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons in Mother s’ Milk.

21. Royal Scientific Society
A study of
Royal Scientific Society
A study of
Total average
concentration in
(mg/kg milk fat)
Cyclodiens
DDTs
HCHs
Samples
number
City
0.006
0.28
0.16 32
AL-Karak -
0.24
0.13 25
0.21
0.11 40
AL-Tafila
0.004
0.07 20
0.26
0.18 38
Ma’an
0.03
0.15
0.04
0.12 30
Aqaba
0.05
0.49
0.20
Ghor Safi
0.81
0.25 15
0.01
180
Average
0.007
100

22. D. Monitoring of pesticides on animal products

23. Figure 3 Comparison Between Study Results of 2004/2005 with Similar Studies Results in 1995, 2000, 2001 and 2003 for Dairy Product Samples

24. E. Monitoring of pesticides in water

25. Figure 4 Concentration of HCB in Deir-Alla Water Samples in the Period Between April and December, 2004

26. Figure 5 Concentration of HCB in Zai Water Samples in the Period between April and December, 2004

27. F. Monitoring of pesticides in soil and sediments

28. - In soil

29. - RSS study

30. - University of Jordan study 2007/2008

31. Figure (1): The concentration of chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides in soil samples in Ghor Safi from June to April, 2008

32. Figure (2): The concentration of chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides in soil samples in Southern Ghor from June to April, 2008.

33. - University of Jordan study 2011/2012 in sediments

34. - RSS study in 1994

35. Action plan for old pesticides POPs :
The pesticides POPs are nine including DDT , cyclodienes family and lindane .

36. Old pesticides POPs :
since these pollutants are non polar compounds they do have the following disadvanteges :
1.They acummulate the fat tissues in human body throw the food chain, causing carcinoginic effects and dmaging some internal organs .
2.They are persistant, leading to acummulate in the enviromental components for more than fifty years ,particularly in the soil.

37. Activity : They were useful for controlling some agricultural pests and public health insect pests.
Lead Agency : Ministry of Agriculture

38. Stakeholders: Ministry of Environment , Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Health
Budget : All stored old pesticides POPs have been destroyed abroad by a French company in 2014 , but we need estimated budget to achieve the following :
A.100,000 JDs to follow up their occurrence in Jordan , to make awareness and to conduct studies .
B.150,000 JDs to monitor the residues of pesticide POPs in the different components of the environment ,since we still find some of the pesticides POPs as residues in human mothers milk , animal products ,soil and agriculture crops up to now.

39. Time limit :
Up to the coming five years

40. Action plan for new pesticides POPs:
The pesticides POPs are six including endusulfan , chlordecone and BHC family

41. New pesticides POPs
: since these pollutants are non polar compounds they do have the following disadvanteges :
1.They acummulate the fat tissues in human body throw the food chain, causing carcinoginic effects and dmaging some internal organs .
2.They are persistant, leading to acummulate in the enviromental components for more than fifty years ,particularly in the soil.

42. Activity : some of them were useful for controlling some agricultural pests ,animal health insect pests and industrial chemical by product .
Lead Agency : Ministry of Agriculture

43. Stakeholders: Ministry of Environment , Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Health
Budget : some of the new pesticides POPs have not been introduce to Jordan such as chlordecone .others have been used to control agricultural pests such as endusulfan or being produced as industrial chemical by product such as some isomers of BHC .The estimated budget is needed to achieve the following :
50,000 JDs to follow up their occurrence in Jordan , to make awareness and to conduct studies .
100,000 JDs to monitor the residues of pesticide POPs in the different components of the environment ,since we still find some of the pesticides POPs as residues in human mothers milk , animal products ,soil and agriculture crops up to now.

44. Time limit :
Up to the coming five years.

45. Table 4 : Work plan for old and new pesticides POPs : Budget and different activities

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