1. COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

2. Cooooo-Stanza!

3. Virus, bacteria, fungus, protozoa, others
Communicable Disease
Transmitted from person to person by microorganisms (pathogens) or other toxins.
Virus, bacteria, fungus, protozoa, others

4. Common Cold vs. Influenza
Respiratory Illness
Runny or stuffy nose
Less serious
complications
Respiratory Illness
Fever, body
aches, dry cough
Possible hospitalization and death

5. Strep Infection vs. Staph Infection
Most common throat infection
Fever, red throat with white patches
Swollen lymph nodes; chills
Commonly carried in healthy people
Commonly impacts skin and tissue (styes, boils)
Symptoms vary

6. Athletes’ Foot vs. Ringworm
Itchy, scaly, and red skin on foot
Can be oozy sores that bleed
Commonly contracted in warm, moist environments
Very itchy rash
Commonly in form of a ring
Commonly contracted in warm, moist environments

7. Methods of Transmission Direct Contact
Shaking hands
Kissing
Fluid transmission

8. Methods of Transmission
Through air
Examples:
coughing, and sneezing

9. Methods of Transmission
Contact with contaminated objects
Examples:
shared items such as combs, razors, toothbrushes, food, utensils, needles, tattoos, piercings,

10. Methods of Transmission
Contact with animals, insects that are vectors or carriers of disease
Examples:
Deer ticks carry Lyme disease, some mosquitoes carry West Nile.

11. Methods of transmission
Contaminated food and water
Examples:
Undercooked meat, using the same knife to cut raw meat and vegetables, not washing hands

12. Body defenses
Skin
Cilia
Mucus
Immune System

13. Active Immunity
Antibodies remain in body after recovering from disease (chicken pox)
Vaccine/immunization = dead/weakened form of pathogen injected into body so antibodies are formed

14. Passive Immunity
Introducing antibodies in a person’s bloodstream from another person’s blood (short term)
Babies receive antibodies from mother through breast milk

15. Disease prevention — breaking the chain
Breaking link #1: Kill the agent (pathogen)
Example
Antibiotics, WASH YOUR HANDS!

16. Breaking link #2: Prevent contact with reservoir
Example
Quarantine— isolate people with disease; destroy reservoirs or prevent contact— contaminated water, food, or insects

17. Breaking link #3: Prevent escape
Example
Cough or sneeze into crook of arm (not hands) or use a tissue to cover

18. Breaking link #4: Prevent transmission
Example
Abstinence, no contact with contaminated objects (needles) or people

19. Breaking link #5: Block places of entry
Example
Wear mask, cover wounds, don’t eat suspicious food

20. Breaking link #6: Resistant host
Example
Vaccinations immunizations
keep immune system healthy— adequate sleep, good nutrition, exercise