1. Quantum Numbers, Electron Configuration, and Orbital Diagrams

2. What are quantum numbers?
Describes the location of an electron
Kind of like an electron’s address

3. 1st quantum number Symbol n Called the principal quantum number
Describes which energy level the electron is located on
Formula to figure out how many electrons an energy level can hold is …

4. 1st quantum number

5. 2nd quantum number Symbol---- l Called the azimuthal quantum number
Describes which sublevel the electron is located on
There are 4 sublevels S P D F

6. 2nd quantum number(cont’d)
L values
L=0 (s sublevel)
L =1 ( p sublevel)
L = 2 ( d sublevel)
L = 3 ( f sublevel)

7. 3rd quantum number Symbol----m Called the magnetic quantum number
Describes the orientation or which “orbital” the electron is located in
S--- has 1 orbital
P---has 3 orbitals
D—has 5 orbitals
F– has 7 orbitals

8. Orbitals The highest probability of finding an electron.
Each orbital can only hold 2 electrons.
S--- _____
P---______ ______ _____
D-- _____ _______ ______ _____ ______
F--______ _____ _____ _____ _____ ____ ____

9. Quantum Numbers/orbitals

10. 4th quantum number Symbol—s Called the spin quantum number
Describes the spin of the electron
The values are either +1/2 or -1/2
2 electrons are in each orbital spinning in opposite directions

11. Electron Configuration
Describes the specific way the orbitals are filled.
Always start at the lowest level “1s” and fill each orbital completely before proceeding to the next one.
Continue until you reach your desired element and all elements up to that point have been accounted for

12. No more than 2 electrons in any orbital… ever!!

13. Aufbau Principle

14. Hund’s Rule

15. Let’s put it all together…

16. Maximum Capacity of shells