1. The Moves that Matter in Academic Writing Ch. 7
They Say, I Say
The Moves that Matter in Academic Writing
Ch. 7

2. Ch. 7: “So What? Who Cares? Saying Why It Matters
Our authors begin this chapter by saying “Baseball is the national pastime. Bernini was the best sculptor of the baroque period. All writing is controversial. So what? Who cares? Why does it matter?” (92). Readers always need to know “why they should care,” they need to know what is at stake, why they should keep reading at all.

3. Why…
Because all too often the question is never answered. Someone brings it up, talks about it, but never attempts to answer it.
Crucial Question:
Why does your argument matter?
Failing to show a reader that they should care can cause you to lose your audience

4. “Who Cares?” Answering the “Who cares?” question, example:
Scientists used to think body fat and the cells it was made of were pretty much inert, just an oily storage compartment. But within the past decade research has shown that fat cells act like chemical factories and that body fat is potent stuff: a highly active tissue that scretes hormones and other substances with profound and sometimes harmful effects…
In recent years, biologists have begun calling fat an “endocrine organ,” comparing it to glands like the thyroid and pituitary, which also release hormones straight into the bloodstream.
- Denise Grady, “The Secret Life of a Potent Cell”

5. Explanation… There is a clear claim Framing of that claim
Identifies at least one group at stake (scientists)
Gives credit to a larger conversation

6. Templates for Indicating Who Cares
To address “who cares?” questions in your own writing…
Parents used to think spanking was necessary. But recently [or within the past few decades] experts suggest that it can be counterproductive.
This interpretation challenges the work of those critics who have long assumed
These findings challenge the work of earlier researchers, who tended to assume that
Recent studies like these shed light on , which previous studies had not addressed.

7. More…
Grady could have been more explicit in her “who cares?” by being more direct:
But who really cares? Who besides me and a handful of recent researchers has a stake in these claims? At the very least, the researchers who formerly believed should care.
To gain greater authority as a writer, you may wish to state groups and others who have a stake in what you say:
Researchers have long assumed that For instance, one eminent scholar of cell biology, , assumed in , her seminal work on cell structures and functions, that fat cells As herself put it, “ “ (2007). Another leading scientist, , argued that fat cells “ “ (2006). Ultimately, when it came to the nature of fat the basic assumption was that
But a new body of research shows that fat cells are far more complex and that

8. In other cases…
You may wish to refer to groups and individuals who should care:
If sports enthusiasts stopped to think about it, many of them might simply assume that the most successful athletes However, new research shows
These findings challenge neoliberals’ common assumption that
At first glance, teenagers might say But on closer inspection
Remember, the goal in all of this is to set up a contrast between what others are saying and what you are saying.

9. “So What?”
Sometimes answering “who cares?” is not enough, especially for a “general audience.”
Thinking of Grady’s argument, some may still ask why they should really want to know that
The authors note that “The best way to answer such questions about the larger consequences of your claims is to appeal to something that your audience already figures to care about” (97).

10. Difference in the Questions…
Asking “who cares?” wants to point to and identify interested persons and groups surrounding the topic
Asking “so what?” directs you to “link your argument to some larger matter that readers already deem important” (97).
“Who cares?” = those who would want to hear your argument
“So What?” = connecting your argument to the values and concerns of your audience

11. How it works..
Looking at Grady’s argument again, she moves first link researchers’ interest to a general concern, the “who cares?”:
Researchers trying to decipher the biology of fat cells hope to find new ways to help people get rid of excess fat or, at least, prevent obesity from destroying their health. In an increasingly obese world, their efforts have taken on added importance. (97)
Next, Grady moves “to demonstrate the even broader relevance and urgency of her subject matter” (97):
Internationally, more than a billion people are overweight. Obesity and two illnesses linked to it, heart disease and high blood pressure, are on the World Health Organization’s list of the top 10 global health risks. In the United States, 65 percent of adults weigh too much, compared with about 56 percent a decade ago, and government researchers blame obesity for at least 300,000 deaths a year. (97-8)

12. Explained…
We need to be asking questions, researchers are, and we need to pay attention to this issue because it’s a problem more and more people are having to deal with
Look at her use of the phrase:
“in an increasingly world”.
This is adapted into her “so what?” move
The aim is “the need to justify the importance of one’s concerns is common” for any argument (98).

13. Templates for Establishing Why Your Claim Matters
Huckleberry Finn matters/is important because it is one the most widely taught novels in the American school system.
Although X may seem trivial, it is in fact crucial in terms of today’s concern over
Ultimately, what is at stake here is
These findings have important implications for the broader domain of
If we are right about , then major consequences follow for
These conclusions/This discovery will have significant applications in as well as in

14. Combining the “so what?” with the “who cares?”
Although C may seem of concern to only a small group of , it should in fact concern anyone who cares about

15. What About Readers Who Already Know Why It Matters?
Do you really need to answer “who cares?” and “so what?” in “everything you write” (99).
Well, it is…
if you’re proposing something so obviously consequential as, say, a treatment for autism or a program to eliminate illiteracy? Isn’t it obvious that everyone cares about such problems? Does it really need to be spelled out? (99-100)
The general rule is: YES
Try to go as far as possible to answer the questions – don’t assume things about your audience

16. Ch. 7 - Exercises
Look over something you have written yourself. Do you indicate “so what?” and “who cares”? If you do, share a brief statement of it. If not, revise your text to do so. You might use the following templates to get started:
My point here (that ) should interest those who Beyond this limited audience, however, my point should speak to anyone who cares about the larger issue of