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Elements of Literature
Plot, Setting, Conflict, Mood, and Theme
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What is Plot? The plot is a causal sequence of events.
The “why” of the story. The plot is the way in which the story’s events are arranged. There are five (5) elements of plot Exposition- introduces the main characters and their relationships Rising Action- introduces the main character’s conflict and the struggles to overcome obstacles. Climax- the turning point of the story. Falling Action- loose ends are being tied up, but it still may be the most tense moment of the plot. Resolution- the final confrontation between the protagonist and the antagonist; the end of the work is decided.
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What is Setting? The setting is the time, location, and social context of a work of literature. The setting is the main backdrop for the story. Example: In Romeo & Juliet, the setting is ancient Verona, Italy. The setting also includes the feud between the Montagues and Capulets, because this relationship is the social context and the backdrop of the story.
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What is Conflict? Internal Conflict External Conflict A struggle that takes place in the (main) character’s mind. Example: Choosing between right and wrong. Man vs. Himself A struggle between the (main) character and an outside, opposing force. Example: Romeo struggling against Tybalt in Romeo & Juliet. Man vs. Nature, Man vs. man.
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What is Mood? Mood is the atmosphere created by the setting.
Mood is also set by the actions of the characters in a piece of literature. Mood also creates a way for the reader to relate emotionally to writing. Example: Sadness tragedy, Happiness comedy Mood and tone, though seemingly similar, are very different! How? Tone is the writer’s attitude towards a subject in their writing, as indicated by word choice, imagery, and sentence structure. **Think of your tone of voice when you speak to people! Mood is the feeling of the entire work.
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What is Theme? Theme is the main idea, or recurrent topic, of a piece of literature, art, or discourse. Themes often represent abstract ideas, such as courage, love, family, and values. Some may say it is the “moral” of the story; this is superficial, but it may help you conceptualize what theme actually is.
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