1. Cellular Respiration Honors Biology Section 1
Chapter 9
Cellular Respiration
Honors Biology Section 1

2. Chemical energy
Glucose=3,811 calories in one gram
Kcal
All energy cannot be released at once. Why?

3. Cellular Respiration: Two Major Types
Process that releases energy by breaking down food molecules

4. Fermentation (without oxygen)
Chemical Pathways
Section 9-1
Glucose
Requires the presence of oxygen
Krebs cycle
Electron transport
Glycolysis
Alcohol or lactic acid
Fermentation (without oxygen)

5. Cellular Respiration: Two Major Types
Process that releases energy by breaking down food molecules
Aerobic
36 ATP
Anaerobic
2 ATP

6. Aerobic Cellular RSS 6 O2 + C6H12O6 → 6 CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
Redox Reactions
LEO the lion says GER
Involves transfer of energy associated with electrons
In living systems, Hydrogen atom
E-/H carriers
Used to store small amount of energy
Intermediate
NAD+
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
FAD+
Flavin adenine dinucleotide

7. Figure 9–2 Cellular Respiration: An Overview
Section 9-1
Mitochondrion
Electrons carried in NADH
Electrons carried in NADH and FADH2
Pyruvic acid
Glucose
Electron Transport Chain
Krebs Cycle
Glycolysis
Mitochondrion
Cytoplasm

8. Stages of Respiration Glycolysis Occurs in cytoplasm of cells
With/without oxygen
Diagram-
When oxygen present in eukaryotes, products enter mitochondria

9. To the electron transport chain
Figure 9–3 Glycolysis
Section 9-1
Glucose
2 Pyruvic acid
To the electron transport chain

10. To the electron transport chain
Figure 9–3 Glycolysis
Section 9-1
Glucose
2 Pyruvic acid
To the electron transport chain

11. To the electron transport chain
Figure 9–3 Glycolysis
Section 9-1
Glucose
2 Pyruvic acid
To the electron transport chain

12. Stages of Respiration- Glycolysis cont.
Under anaerobic conditions
Fermentation
Two types
Alcoholic fermentation
Occurs in yeast and other microorganisms
Lactic acid fermentation

13. Figure 9–4 Lactic Acid Fermentation
Section 9-1
Lactic acid
Glucose
Pyruvic acid

14. Figure 9–4 Lactic Acid Fermentation
Section 9-1
Lactic acid
Glucose
Pyruvic acid

15. Figure 9–4 Lactic Acid Fermentation
Section 9-1
Lactic acid
Glucose
Pyruvic acid

16. Stages of Respiration- Glycolysis cont.
Under anaerobic conditions
Fermentation
Two types
Alcoholic fermentation
Occurs in yeast and other microorganisms
Lactic acid fermentation
Occurs in us when oxygen is depleted
Some bacteria
Causes muscle soreness?

17. Cellular Respiration Section 2
Chapter 9
Cellular Respiration Section 2

18. Electron Transport Chain
Flowchart
Section 9-2
Cellular Respiration
Glucose (C6H1206) +
Oxygen (02)
Glycolysis
Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport Chain
Chemiosmosis

19. Krebs Cycle Takes place in matrix of mitochondria
Products of glycolysis enter by active transport
Purpose is to remove energy a little at a time
Diagram

20. Figure 9–6 The Krebs Cycle
Section 9-2
Citric Acid Production
Mitochondrion

21. Figure 9–6 The Krebs Cycle
Section 9-2
Citric Acid Production
Mitochondrion

22. Electron Transport Chain
Takes place on mitochondria’s inner membrane
Releases energy that has been temporarily stored in e- of FADH2 and NADH
Coupled with chemiosmosis
Diagram

23. Figure 9–7 Electron Transport Chain
Section 9-2
Electron Transport
Hydrogen Ion Movement
Channel
Mitochondrion
Intermembrane
Space
ATP synthase
Inner
Membrane
Matrix
ATP Production

24. Chemiosmosis
Uses energy released by ETC to move protons to inner membrane space by active transport
Creates proton gradient
Diagram

25. Summary of ATP production
Make only 4 ATP directly 2 glycolysis, 2 Krebs
Rest of ATP comes from electron carriers that release energy in ETC, which is coupled to chemiosmosis
Glycolysis
2 NADH=4 ATP*
Pyruvic Acid formation
2 NADH= 6 ATP
Krebs
6 NADH= 18 ATP
2 FADH2= 4 ATP
Total 36 ATP