1. Thinking Intelligently About Animal Agriculture
What is the difference between animal rights and animal welfare?

2. What do you think? Share your responses from bell work.
So how do you define animal rights and animal welfare?

3. And now, from the experts…
Animal rights, as defined by People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (largest animal rights organization in the world)
“Animals are not ours to use for food, clothing, entertainment, experimentation, or any other purpose and that animals deserve consideration of their best interests regardless… regardless of whether any human cares about them at all.”

4. On the flipside
The American Veterinary Medical Association (on the website of the Animal Welfare Council) says:
“Animal Welfare is a human responsibility that encompasses all aspects of animal well-being, including proper housing, management, disease prevention and treatment, responsible care, humane handling, and, when necessary, humane euthanasia.”

5. So what does this mean?
Animal rights - animals have rights similar to or equal to those of humans
Animal welfare - it is our responsibility to care for the well-being of animals

6. Animal Rights ≠ Animal Welfare Animal welfare is a necessity!

7. 5 Freedoms under Animal Welfare
Freedom from hunger or thirst
Freedom from discomfort
Freedom from pain, injury, or disease
Freedom to express most normal behavior
Free from fear or distress

8. Taking a look at controversial issues
Animal management practices are often misunderstood.
As agriculturalists, regardless of whether or not we live on a farm, we need to know why they are used.
We’ll take a look at several controversial practices today.

9. HUNTING (for food) PROS CONS
Tradition; Seen as important skill from ancestors
Can manage populations to improve ecology
Supplies food
Well-regulated (bag limits, size limits, etc.)
Stimulates the economy- selling supplies (guns, license, etc.)
CONS
Can be considered brutal
Usually unnecessary in developed countries
Animals can suffer
Can be dangerous for the hunter, other people/property, and wildlife
Overhunting can destroy populations  extinction

10. Gestation Crates AKA sow stall
Metal enclosure used in intensive pig farming, in which a female breeding pig (sow) may be kept during pregnancy and for most of her adult life.

11. GESTATION CRATES PROS CONS Can monitor food intake
Keeps sows away from aggressive animals
Controlled climate and weather
Less stress (?)
Sows don’t need a lot of room when pregnant or to farrow
CONS
Small area = no room to turn around
Often seen as cruel or inhumane
More stress-related behavior (?) (bar chewing)
Lack of socialization (less normal interaction)
Small pens get messy quickly

12. Animal Testing

13. ANIMAL TESTING PROS CONS
Has been used to develop medical treatments, determine medicine toxicity, check product safety, etc.
Not many good alternatives (human testing is more ethically controversial)
Well-regulated housing and transport
Minimum guidelines are good enough
CONS
Can be considered cruel and in humane (animal can’t say NO)
Research can yield irrelevant and unexpected results
Experiments themselves are not always regulated
Animals may be in pain or stress/fear
There could be better alternatives (?)

14. Battery Cages Housing system used primarily for layers
The name arises from the arrangement of rows and columns of identical cages conne cted together, sharing common divider walls, as in the cells of a battery.

15. PROS CONS BATTERY CAGES
Waste falls through bottom of cage (better hygiene)
Easier to control diseases and viruses
Egg collection easier
Production costs are lower
Lower mortality rate
CONS
Prevents natural behavior like dust baths, nesting, etc.
May increase aggression
May reduce bone strength
Can cause foot issues and sores
Feather loss

16. Horse Products
In the U.S. aside from keeping them as pets, using them for racing, or training to use as work animals, some facilities harvest horses for meat or to make other different products and by- products.
Animal glue:
made from the collagen connective tissues, hooves, and bones
Gelatin is also made from similar tissues, skin, bones (but not hooves)

17. PROS CONS HORSE SLAUGHTER (U.S)
Good for horse market (keeps prices up)
Good business/sales opportunity
Horses currently have to be shipped to Mexico/Canada
Better regulations in the U.S. (new bill passed July 2017)
CONS
Most horses are/were pets
Slaughter houses are designed for cattle (inhumane/unsafe)
Environmentally dangerous (lots of waste)
Not enough demand in U.S.

18. Animal Attitudes
Choose a DIFFERENT color marker, pen, pencil, or highlighter, answer again.
Total your scores at the bottom of the page.

19. Animal Attitudes How did your score change?
30-50= You favor strong animal welfare philosophies
51-75= You favor moderate animal welfare philosophies
76-104= You are neutral and acknowledge both philosophies
= You favor moderate animal rights philosophies
= You favor strong animal rights philosophies
How did your score change?

20. Now Choose one issue we discussed
Hunting
Gestation Crate
Animal testing
Battery cages
Horse Slaughter
On the back of your AAA, draw two thought bubbles, label one “animal welfare” and the other “animal rights”. Using your understanding of the pros and cons, write a statement representing each side of the issue.