1. Artificial Lift System And Sucker Rod Pumps
OGDCL PAKISTAN
Prepared by
Abdul Moiz
12-ME-130
Mech. Engineer
UET Taxila
Mobile #

2. Topics To Be Covered Introduction Components & Working
Selection of Pumping Method
Advantages and Disadvantages
Recommendations

3. Introduction
Sucker rod pumping systems are the oldest and most widely used type of artificial system for oil wells
Sucker rod pumping system are purely mechanical means of oil pumping and therefore prone to
faults
SRP applications cover very low down hole pressure wells, slim holes, multiple completions, high temperature and viscous oil.

4. Components & Working Sucker Rod pump consists of following parts:
Prime Mover
Crank
Counter Weight
Pitman Arm
Walking Beam
Sampson post(Tripod Stand)
Bridle
Polished Rods

5. Christmas Tree
Down hole Pump
Travelling Valve
Standing Valve
Working
Prime mover causes rotary motion in the crank
through V-belt
The rotary motion results in reciprocating motion through pitman arm and walking beam.
Horse head is connected to Polished rods through bridle

6. Christmas tree is set up on pumping surface.
The Christmas tree consists of swab valves, wing valves, master valves and annulus valve
The polished rod is connected to the down hole pump.
Standing and Travelling valves control fluid flow in upward and downward stroke.

7. Schematic Diagram

8. Sucker Rod Pump Animation

9. SELECTION OF PUMPING METHOD
Understanding The Reservoir:-
Understanding the makeup of the producing reservoir, its pressure, and the changes that occur in it are important.
Relationship between the reservoir fluid inflow and produced fluid outflow
Determining bottom hole pressure and the inflow relationship of the fluids with changing reservoir and pump-intake pressure.

10. Bottom Hole Pressure Determination
Calculating bottom hole pressures in the casing/tubing annulus through instruments
The simplest instrument is a fluid-level sounder with a strip chart
Knowing the reservoir and pump intake pressures during static and operating conditions will allow a determination of the well's production capacity

11. Inflow performance relationship (IPR)
One of the most critical decisions in an artificial-lift system designing
Reservoir Inflow Performance details the productivity index and IPR of fluids with changes in reservoir pressure.
IPR predicts the future pressure performance required for maximum fluid flow.

12. Free gas and its Effect on performance
It is the gas that remains in the solution when oil is pumped .
It Increases the volume of fluid flow in to the pump.
The free gas must be compressed at a pressure equivalent to head required to lift the fluid.
Down hole gas separators and anchors are installed to increase efficiency.

13. ADVANTAGES Easy for personnel to operate to pump oil water or gas.
Will operate for wide range of well producing characteristics
Surface unit may be changed to other wells with minimum cost.
Method is flexible to match pump displacement rate to well capability and well volume declines

14. Various degree of automation can be applied.
High salvage value for surface and down hole equipment.
Highly economical for repairing and servicing.

15. Disadvantages Pulling unit required to lift down hole equipment
May cause solid formations such as paraffin and scales
Crooked holes present a problem and may require special operating equipment
Surface system is bulky and noticeable in on land and off shore equipments.

16. Production rates are usually very low compared to the modern pumping system.
Over quantity of free gas may result in to decreased production and may result in affecting the pump.
Mechanical damage and excessive wear to the pumps because of over pumping.

17. Recommendations
Properly setting a well controller will help reduce severe over pumping.
Load capable dynamometers must be installed in order to monitor changing loads on polish rods
Variable slippage pumps should be installed to counter various solids entering the pumps.
Care must be taken for handling the sucker rods during maintenance.
Paraffin scrappers must be installed to avoid solid particles from entering.