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President Andrew Jackson “Old Hickory”
Good/Bad????
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Rise of the Common Man Universal Male Suffrage
Party Nominating Conventions Popular Election of President Two-Party System Rise of Third Parties More Elected Offices Popular Campaigning Spoils System and Rotation of Officeholders In war, victors seize the spoils or wealth of defeated New state removed religious property qualifications for voting as well as the east. Remove social class/religion Nominating conventions replaced caucuses: party politicians and voters State chooses presidential electors as opposed to state legislators National scale for campaigning Anti-Masonic/Workingmen’s Party Seek to reach the common people: Parades, floats, marching bands, rallies/mudslinging Loyal Democrat would be appointed positions/rotate good men quickly to serve in office
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Election of 1824 Democratic-Republican Candidates: John Quincy Adams, Henry Clay, William Crawford, and Andrew Jackson The “Era of Good Feelings” under Monroe has ended… “Corrupt Bargain” President John Quincy Adams: Dissatisfaction with “tariff of abominations.” Mudslinging to win Election of 1828 Henry Clay got Adams enough votes and then Adams selected him to be Secretary of State. Tariff satisfied northern manufacturers but angered southern planters.
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Presidency of Andrew Jackson
Presidential Power Limit fed. Power/national debt Vetoed 12 bills Peggy Eaton Affair Indian Removal Act (1830) Cherokee Nation v. Georgia Not a foreign nation with right to sue Worcester v. Georgia Georgia had no force in Cherokee territory Trail of Tears Nullification Crisis and the Force Bill Bank Veto Limit federal spending and national debt/vetoed 12 bills/”kitchen cabinet” Wife of Jackson’s secretary of war Settle west of Mississippi/Bureau of Indian Affairs assist the resettled tribes Cherokee Nation v. Georgia: Not a foreign nation with right to sue in court Worcester v. Georgia: Georgia had no force in Cherokee territory (Pres. Sided with states) Trail of Tears: U.S. Army forced 15,000 Cherokees to leave Georgia (4,000 died) Nullification Crisis: South opposed Tariff of 1828/1832: Nullification and disunion were treason (Force Bill) Lowered Tariff; federal authority caused militants of state rights to back down; Jackson had growing concern of anti-slavery movement in the North Bank: Viewed as unconstitutional as it serve only the wealthy
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Indian Removal Act Viewpoint 1: Indian Should Be Removed to the West (1829, 1830) by Andrew Jackson Viewpoint 2: Indians Should Be Allowed to Remain in Their Homeland (1830) by Cherokee Nation For each position complete the following: Thesis of Argument/Opinion for each perspective Summary of each Main Point (at least 5) Stronger Argument and Why?
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Jackson POV Group A: Share your Thesis and 5 main points with evidence
Each group member must share Group B: Counter their 5 main points with evidence Group A: Conclusion/Final Points Who had the stronger argument and why? Final Vote
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Two-Party System Supporters of Jackson: Democrats (Republican party of Jefferson) Leading Rival was Clay: Whigs (Federalist party of Hamilton) Westward Expansion and Industrial Economy Issues: Westward Expansion and Industrial Economy
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Jackson’s Second Term Sought to destroy the National Bank
Pet Banks: States banks Speculation in western lands Prices for land/goods inflated Species Circular: Required federal lands be purchased with gold/silver Panic of 1837 Attacked bank by withdrawing federal funds and transferred funds to state banks Speculation in western lands, prices for land and goods were inflated. Jackson required all federal lands to be purchased in gold and silver. Bank notes lost their value/Panic of 1837
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End of an Era President Van Buren and the Panic of 1837
Banks closed their doors Whigs blames laissez-fair economics of Dem. Whigs Campaign of 1840: “Tippecanoe and Tyler too” Jacksonian Era comes to an end with the Mexican War and the issue of slavery on the rise Banks closed their doors/Whigs blamed laissez-fair economics of Democrats
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Jefferson Background Readings Feared strong central gov.
Believed property requirement for voting was a test of character Believed educated elite should rule, but proposed education for all to prepare the poorer individuals for public office Presidential candidates were chosen by a meeting of party leaders Chosen class was the yeoman farmers Feared the consequences of industrialization Corporate charters were granted to favorites of state legislation and often implied monopoly rights to a business
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Jefferson Originally disagreed with loose interpretation of the elastic clause Owned slaves, saw them as an evil that time would remove Republican womanhood, didn't see women or American Indians as equal to men Believed education was necessary to hold office and for preparing citizens for participation in a democracy Believed education and ambition were keys to success Agreed with religious reform
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Jackson Eliminated property requirements for voting
Believed all men were qualified to hold office and that political positions should be rotated, spoils system Chose presidential candidates through nominating campaigns Chosen class was yeoman farmers, planters, laborers, and mechanics Believed industrialization was essential to the progression of American industry Believed corporate charters should be available to all who chose to risk starting a business
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Jackson Believed the bank was a monopoly of the rich, hated it
Owned slaves and had little interest in abolishment Didn't see women or American Indians as equals to men EXTERMELY negative attitude against American Indians Believed education was relatively unimportant Ended bank and control over credit Believed economic progress came from social mobility Disagreed with religious reform
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Jeffersonian v. Jacksonian Democracy
Using your knowledge of both Jefferson and Jackson, determine whether Jefferson or Jackson supported each viewpoint on the key issues by completing the chart.
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