1. Timepix for the AIDA Telescope
Recent(ish) results from the Timepix Telescope project
Richard Plackett, University of Glasgow

2. Outline The Timepix Chip Timepix Telescope Spatial Resolution
Readout Systems and Track Readout Rate
Timing and LHC 40MHz compatibility
Some Example Results
Integration with AIDA

3. Configurable ‘shutter’ allows many different applications
The Medipix Chips
Silicon, 3D, CdTe, GaAs, Amorphous Silicon, Gas Amplification, Microchannel Plates etc…
A philosophy of functionality built into the pixel matrix allows complex behavior with a minimal inactive region
Configurable ‘shutter’ allows many different applications
55um square pixel matrix
256 by 256

4. Analogue amplification
The Timepix Chip
Timepix design requested and funded by EUDET collaboration
Threshold
Time of Arrival
Time of Arrival counts to the end of the Shutter
Time over Threshold
Threshold
Time Over Threshold counts to the falling edge of the pulse
Conventional Medipix2 counting mode remains.
sensor
Addition of a clock up to 100MHz allows two new modes.
Time over Threshold
Time of Arrival
Analogue amplification
Digital processing
Pixels can be individually programmed into one of these three modes
Chip read-out

5. Angled Planes to Boost Resolution
Hits that only affect one pixel have limited resolution (30um region in 55um pixel)
Tilting the sensor means all tracks charge share and use the ToT information in centroid, CoG calculations
55um
300um 9o
55um
300um 0o
Perp ~10um resolution
9o ~4.2um resolution
Indicative Timepix events

6. Timepix Telescope – Resolution per Plane
Timepix: 55 mm pitch
Operating point of Telescope planes
Resolution measured at Testbeam
Resolution per plane 4um
Resolution at Device Under Test (with 8 planes) 1.6um

7. Timepix Telescope Arm Prototype early 2010
USB2 readout – 700 tracks per second
6 pixel telescope planes angled in 2 dimensions to optimise resolution
Fine pitch strip detector
with fast electronics readout
Device Under Test
moved and rotated via
remote controlled stepper motor

8. Timepix Telescope Arm Prototype late 2010
High Resolution Large Area X-Ray Detector
RELAXD readout from NIKHEF
55 frames per second over gigabit Ethernet
5,000k tracks per second readout
50,000,000 tracks recorded in 2 weeks
Eight different DUTs analysed
RELAXD interface
RELAXD interface
RELAXD interface
beam
Cooled DUT
Timepix ToT Tracking
Timepix ToT Tracking

9. Added Time Tagging Capability to ~1ns
Asynchronous SPS beam not suited to LHC systems designed for 25ns bunch structure
Implemented a TDC which with Timepix ToA mode gives us ~1ns per track time stamping
Able to provide and record synchronised triggers to 40MHz readout systems (TELL1)
Allows software reconstruction and analysis of asynchronous tracks
Telescope in Time Tagging configuration for LHCb Sensor Readout
Timepix ToA Track Time Tagging Plane ~100ns
beam
Beetle DUT
Timepix ToT Tracking
Timepix ToT Tracking
Scintillator Coincidence and TDC ~1ns
Synchronised Trigger
Logic + TDC

10. Timepix Telescope TLU
Currently we use 2 NIM crates and a VME TDC to perform timing tasks
Controlling the Shutter – eg selecting X particles per frame
Providing triggers to external systems
Measuring the phase between synchronised and unsynchronised triggers
We hope to replace all this with a much more portable TLU based on an Altera development board. Work is ongoing at Santiago.
Need to plan for integration to AIDA TLU

11. Moving to Full Telescope Arms
Major hardware work remaining is to make the system easier to set up and use
Very strong overlap with proposed AIDA work
Si bias
Arm
VHDCI 3V
Si bais 3V
Busy
Readout
RELAXD + PSUs
Shutter
Ethernet
240V
VHDCI

12. Some Results from the Timepix Telescope...

13. Example Frame from 2010 Testbeam

14. 150um Sensor Results
With a 150um sensor the optimum resolution point is at twice the angle of a 300um The higher data rate allows a significant number of measurements to be taken

15. Sub Pixel Resolution
Position of 1, 2, 3 and 4 pixel clusters plotted as a function of track position within the pixel
1 pixel
2 pixel
3 pixel
4 pixel

16. 2009 Results – 3D Sensors Double sided 3D sensor
Efficiency
Double sided 3D sensor
Perpendicular particles passing through a doped hole will deposit less charge in the silicon
The sub-pixel resolution of the telescope allows us to see the efficiency losses due to the anode and cathode wells in the silicon.

17. Timepix Arm Performance Summary
1.7mm spatial resolution
1ns timing resolution
Up to 5kHz track rate
>1Mhz instantaneous beam rate

18. Next Steps for AIDA TLU Development and Testing
Critical for shutter driven operation and timing resolution
Critical for LHC 25ns bunch structure analysis
Mechanics Integration
Integration to other AIDA systems
Preserve angled planes for high resolution
Readout Integration
Critical for track rate
RELAXD currently 55 fps, increasing to 100
Institutes that expressed interest in the Timepix package in the proposal:
CERN, Glasgow, Santiago, Liverpool, Bristol

19. Plans for AIDA Timepix Arms
The overall plan is to develop systems similar to the Timepix Telescope for the AIDA Timepix arms.
Sensors and readout systems should be available in the next 4 to 6 months
From this meeting would like to understand the interfaces to other AIDA Telescope systems
Readout, TLU, Control Software, Mechanics etc etc
To retain the performance its critical to have input to TLU and mechanics design from the initial stages of development as well as specific testing programs
Make use of overlap with other work packages eg Glasgow working on alignment in WP2

20. To Conclude The Timepix Telescope has demonstrated:
Excellent spatial resolution: better than 1.7um track extrapolation error
Good timing resolution: ~1ns
A high data rate: ~5k tracks a second (hope to improve with software)
All this can/will apply to AIDA Timepix Arms
Still need to work on integration with other AIDA systems
Readout
TLU
Services
Effort for this available form CERN, Glasgow and Santiago
Components should begin to be available in four to six months

21. Backup Slides

22. Timepix Telescope Project Members
Closely linked to LHCb VELO upgrade project
A slightly unofficial collaboration to develop a telescope to demonstrate tracking with the Timepix chips
Major contributions from
CERN : Timepix, Mechanics and Software
Glasgow : Timepix and Timing logic
Santiago Compostella : Mechanics and Timing logic
Nikhef : Readout and Timing logic
Oxford : Software

23. 2010 Timepix Telescope - RELAXD Readout
High Resolution Large Area X-Ray Detector
RELAXD readout from NIKHEF
55 frames per second over gigabit ethernet

24. Efficiency
Efficiency and noise appear as we expect

25. 2009 Results - Timpix ToT Calibration
Energy mapping of Timepix calibration is now confirmed with MIPs

26. Results 2009 - Ikrum Variations
As Ikrum varied, change in ToT range observed and some loss in resolution
PRELIMINARY - analysis by D. Hynds
Amplifier Response
Time

27. 2010 Testbeam Activity Significant increase in activity
3 beam periods as main user
Added Time Tagging System for 40MHz
USB2 and RELAXD readouts for faster data rate
More Timepix Planes in the Telescope
Many Devices tested
LHCb VELO Prototype strip
3D irradiated Timepix,
FZ beetle strip,
BCB beetle strip
MCX beetle strip
150um Timepix
300um Timepix

28. 2009 Testbeam - Proving Timepix for LHCb
In early 2009 Timepix competing with Btev Fpix design to be VELO upgrade baseline
Timepix had not been used at all in a particle tracking application
We took the opportunity to run parasitically in EUDET and CMS beam periods
Running parasitically required us to provide a telescope
Main Measurements: 300um silicon and DS3D assemblies Resolution vs Angle Resolution vs Threshold Resolution vs Silicon Bias Efficiency vs Threshold Efficiency vs Bias Timewalk

29. Early Telescopes in 2009 June 2009 : Medipix Testbeam
3 days to demonstrate tracking
July 2009 : CMS SiBit beam period
Two weeks – parasitic Timepix Telescope
2 Timepix
2 Medipix
~perpendicular
No DUT
2 Timepix
4 Medipix
~perpendicular
300um and 3D DUTs
Manual angle adjustment

30. August 2009 Timepix Telescope
4 Timepix, 2 Medipix planes in telescope
Symmetric positioning of planes around DUT
Telescope planes mounted at nine degrees about x and y to boost resolution (next slide)
DUT position and angle controlled remotely by stepper motors
2.3um Track Extrapolation Error
~100Hz track rate
1 frame per second
~100,000 tracks per measurement point
~1.5 hours per point in SPS NA