1. Parts of Speech Information for the Final
Mrs. Litz

2. Common Noun
A common noun is the word used for a class of person, place or thing. Examples: car man bridge town water metal

3. Pronouns
A pronoun is a word used to replace a noun. James is the first choice for the post. He has applied for it twice already. ("He" is a pronoun. In this example, it replaces the proper noun "James".) ("It" is a pronoun. Here, it replaces the common noun "post".)
I > me
he > him
she > her
we > us
they > them
who > whom

4. Pronouns
Clutching the coin, Maria ran to the shops. She went straight to the counter and bought the sweets.  ("She" is a pronoun. In this example, it replaces the noun "Maria". Pronouns are used for brevity. Imagine how wearisome a long prose would be if the writer used the full noun (in this case "Maria") every time.)
The 8-mile walk passes through pasture, parkland and woodland. It takes you alongside many points of interest including a disused airfield.  ("It" is a pronoun. In this example, it replaces "the 8-mile walk".)

5. Proper Noun
A proper noun is the name of a person, place or thing (i.e., its own name). A proper noun always starts with a capital letter. Examples: Michael  Africa Peking Dayton Peace Accord United Nations The Tower of London Uncle George ("Uncle" is written with a capital letter because it is part of his name.) My favorite auntie is Auntie Sally.  (In this example, the first "auntie" is a common noun; whereas, the second "Auntie" is part of a proper noun.) The Red Lion

6. Words that describe a noun; tells what kind and how many
Adjectives
Words that describe a noun; tells what kind and how many
Sadlier-Oxford Grammar Workshop; Pheonix Learning Resources

7. What is an Adjective?
Adjectives are describing words.  They are used either before or after a noun to modify its meaning. Examples:
a large bass
The moon is bright tonight.
Sadlier-Oxford Grammar Workshop; Pheonix Learning Resources

8. Examples the tall professor the lugubrious lieutenant
a solid commitment
a month's pay
a six-year-old child
the unhappiest, richest man
Sadlier-Oxford Grammar Workshop; Pheonix Learning Resources

9. Compound Adjectives
A compound adjective is a single adjective comprising more than one word.  The words in a compound adjective are usually grouped together using hyphens.
four-foot table
12-page magazine
free-range eggs
never-to-be-forgotten experience
well-known lawyer 
Sadlier-Oxford Grammar Workshop; Pheonix Learning Resources

10. Color Adjectives red orange yellow green blue purple gray black white
Appearance Adjectives
adorable beautiful clean elegant fancy glamorous handsome long
old-fashioned plain
sparkling ugliest wide-eyed
Color Adjectives red orange yellow green blue purple gray black white
Sadlier-Oxford Grammar Workshop; Pheonix Learning Resources

11. Condition Adjectives
better careful clever dead easy gifted helpful important
inexpensive mushy odd powerful rich shy uninterested wrong
Time Adjectives ancient brief early fast late long modern old old-fashioned quick rapid short slow swift young
Sadlier-Oxford Grammar Workshop; Pheonix Learning Resources

12. Feelings (Bad) Adjectives
angry bewildered clumsy defeated embarrassed grumpy helpless itchy jealous lazy
mysterious nervous obnoxious panicky repulsive scary thoughtless worried
Feelings (Good) Adjectives brave calm delightful eager gentle happy jolly kind nice obedient proud silly thankful victorious witty
Sadlier-Oxford Grammar Workshop; Pheonix Learning Resources

13. Taste/Touch Adjectives
bitter delicious fresh juicy hot icy rotten salty sticky strong sweet tart wooden yummy
Shape Adjectives crooked curved deep flat high narrow round skinny square
Size Adjectives big gigantic great huge massive miniature petite scrawny short teeny-tiny
Sadlier-Oxford Grammar Workshop; Pheonix Learning Resources

14. “It’s what you do.” Note to self: School House Rock
Verb
“It’s what you do.”
Note to self: School House Rock

15. Verbs are doing words
A verb usually expresses an action. Examples: The doctor wrote the prescription. (In this example, the word "wrote" is a verb. It expresses the action 'to write'.) Alison bought a ticket. (The word "bought" is a verb. It expresses the action 'to buy'.)

16. Adverbs
When
Where
how

17. What is an adverb?
An adverb can be added to a verb to modify its meaning.
Usually, an adverb tells you when, where, and how an action is performed.
Very many adverbs end in '...ly'
Although many adverbs end 'ly', lots do not, e.g., fast, never, well, very, most, least, more, less, now, far and there.

18. Examples
Anita placed the vase carefully on the shelf. (The word 'carefully' is an adverb. It shows how the vase was placed.) 
Tara walks gracefully. (The word 'gracefully' is an adverb. It modifies the verb 'to walk'.)
The dinner guests arrived early. ('early' - adverb; modifies 'to arrive') 
I am the only person in the world I should like to know thoroughly. (-Oscar Wilde)  ('thoroughly' - adverb; modifies 'to know')

19. Examples
He runs fast. (The word 'fast' is an adverb. It modifies the verb 'to run'.)
You can set your watch by him. He always leaves at 5 o'clock. (The word 'always' is an adverb. It modifies the verb 'to leave'.) 
She sometimes helps us. ('sometimes' - adverb; modifies 'to help')

20. Adverbs of Time 
Press the button now. ('now' - adverb of time)  I have never been. ('never' - adverb of time)  I tell him daily. ('daily' - adverb of time)

21. Adverbs of Place 
Daisies grow everywhere. ('everywhere' - adverb of place)  I did not put it there. ('there' - adverb of place)

22. Verbs Express Mental Actions Too
Verbs do not necessarily express physical actions. They can express mental actions too: Example: Peter guessed the right number. (The word "guessed" is a verb. It expresses the action 'to guess'.) I thought the same thing. (The word "thought" is a verb. It expresses the action 'to think'.)

23. Verbs Express a State of Being
A small, but extremely important group of verbs do not express any action at all. The most important verb in this group is the verb 'to be'. This is seen in forms like: is, are, were, was, will be, etc.  Examples: Edwina is the largest elephant in this area. (The word "is" is a verb from the verb 'to be'.) It was me. (The word "was" is a verb from the verb 'to be'.) I am. (The word "am" is a verb from the verb 'to be'.)

24. Subject and Predicate
The subject of a sentence tells who or what the sentence is about. Example: The green grapes grew on the vine. The predicate of a sentence tells what the subject does or is. Example: The bird sang a song.