1. ENG101B: Freshman English
Essay Outline
12 September 2018

2. Objectives Learn to identify the parts of an essay
Learn to support the thesis statement with supporting paragraphs.
Learn to write a supporting paragraph with a topic sentence, and then specific evidence that support the point.
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3. Do you know, an essay is like a sandwich?
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4. 12 September 2018

5. Parts of an Essay Introduction Body Conclusion
Gives definitions & background
Presents thesis
Body
Presents arguments that prove thesis
Conclusion
Restates thesis

6. Introduction – That Thing at the Beginning
Starts with the Hook
Defines terms, gives context
The Thesis

7. The Thesis Most important part of your essay
What you’re trying to prove
Your essay boiled down to a sentence
Must be clear and precise
SAMPLE: “Although they may begin with the best intentions, due to their ignorance and ultimate refusal to understand the science surrounding autism, anti-vaccinationists wind up causing more harm than any good they could hope to accomplish.”

8. What is a topic sentence?
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9. The topic sentence
The topic sentence is the main-idea sentence. It is the most general and most important sentence of the paragraph.
The topic: what the paragraph is about
The controlling idea: the writer’s attitude or idea about the topic.
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10. Activity Identify the topic sentence in the exercise.
Then, underline the topic and circle the controlling idea in each set.
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11. What is a topic sentence?
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12. Support
The support in a paragraph explains or develops the topic sentence.
The supporting part can be narratives, details, facts, examples, explanation, or statistics.
All of the support relates to the main idea stated in the topic sentence and shows why the topic sentence is true.
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13. Example
Topic sentence: Parents can help their children be successful in school by encouraging them.
Support:
Parents can encourage children by reminding them to do their homework.
Parents can encourage children by buying them books and tapes to help them learn.
Parents can encourage children by rewarding them.
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14. Find the topic sentence and support (x4) below.
The internet is a very useful tool for college students. For example, students can learn about different cultures. They can have a friend in China and compare cultures using . As a result, they can understand and appreciate other cultures better. If they have a math problem, they can easily find a tutor or help on the internet. Students who want to learn a different language can find places where they can listen to tapes to simulate a teacher. If they have to do a research paper on a specific topic, all they have to do is go to the internet and they will find the information instantly. The internet is useful to college students in many ways.
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15. Find the topic sentence and support (x4) below.
The internet is a very useful tool for college students. For example, students can learn about different cultures. They can have a friend in China and compare cultures using . As a result, they can understand and appreciate other cultures better. If they have a math problem, they can easily find a tutor or help on the internet. Students who want to learn a different language can find places where they can listen to tapes to simulate a teacher. If they have to do a research paper on a specific topic, all they have to do is go to the internet and they will find the information instantly. The internet is useful to college students in many ways.
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16. Support:______________________________
Write three possible sentences of support that could be included in a paragraph.
Topic sentence: Parents can help their children succeed in school by offering financial support.
Support:______________________________
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17. Topic sentence: Using a cell phone while driving is dangerous.
Write three possible sentences of support that could be included in a paragraph.
Topic sentence: Using a cell phone while driving is dangerous.
Support:_____________________________
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18. Topic sentence: Watching TV is a good way to learn spoken English.
Write three possible sentences of support that could be included in a paragraph.
Topic sentence: Watching TV is a good way to learn spoken English.
Support:______________________________
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19. Body – Proof That You’re Right
Each paragraph follows similar shape of whole essay
Each paragraph MUST BE DISTINCT
Don’t reference thesis, but show evidence that backs it

20. Body Outline for Sample Essay
Anti-Vaccinationists get science wrong
Don’t understand dose responses
Don’t understand difference between ethyl and methyl mercury
Reject studies that disprove vaccine-autism hypothesis
Fear of vaccination injures society
People forget diseases are dangerous
Return of HiB
Return of Measels
Lingering polio in 3rd world
Distract from researching actual causes of autism
Absorbs research funding into funding studies that prove vaccines are safe
Creates cottage industry of autism “cures” that actually hurt kids, for example, chelation therapy

21. Conclusion – Sum it Up Reverse order from introduction
Restate thesis w/ summation of evidence
As you can see, the denial of science by anti-vaccinationists keeps them from understanding the root causes of autism, keeps scientists from being able to properly deal with the actual causes of autism, and in fact allows their children to come to harm, thanks to reliance on bad therapies.
Finally, take it home.
Call to action (I hope you will help me in stopping anti-vaccinationists so that we can better help people with autism and keep ourselves from getting measles)
Further questions (We are left to wonder, if it is not science fueling the anti-vaccine movement, what is?)
Leave them something to think about further

22. Activity Read the essay, “The Hazards of Movie-going” (p.114 – 115).
Compare it with the essay diagram.
Go over the exercises on pages 116 – 117.
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23. Outlining a 5-Paragraph Essay
The Hazards of Moviegoing
adapted from an essay by John Langan
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24. Introduction
    I am a movie fanatic. When friends want to know what picture won the Oscar in 2001 or who voiced Optimus Prime in Transformers, they ask me. My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. Ultimately it is more enjoyable to wait for a movie's release on DVD because of the problems in getting to the theater, the theater itself, and the behavior of some patrons.
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25. How does the author: - Provide background information
How does the author: - Provide background information? - Create a sense of importance? (Hint: he makes only an implication of its importance)
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26. How does the author provide background, create importance?
Introduction
I am a movie fanatic. When friends want to know what picture won the Oscar in 2001 or who voiced Optimus Prime in Transformers, they ask me. My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. Ultimately it is more enjoyable to wait for a movie's release on DVD because of the problems in getting to the theater, the theater itself, and the behavior of some patrons.
Introduction
Background: ________
Significance: ________
Thesis: _____________
________________
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27. How does the author provide background, create importance?
Introduction
I am a movie fanatic. When friends want to know what picture won the Oscar in 2001 or who voiced Optimus Prime in Transformers, they ask me. My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. Ultimately it is more enjoyable to wait for a movie's release on DVD because of the problems in getting to the theater, the theater itself, and the behavior of some patrons.
Introduction
Background: ________
Significance: ________
Thesis: _____________
________________
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28. How does the author provide background, create importance?
Introduction
I am a movie fanatic. When friends want to know what picture won the Oscar in 2001 or who voiced Optimus Prime in Transformers, they ask me. My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. Ultimately it is more enjoyable to wait for a movie's release on DVD because of the problems in getting to the theater, the theater itself, and the behavior of some patrons.
Introduction
Background: He is a movie enthusiast
Significance: ________
Thesis: _____________
________________
12 September 2018

29. How does the author provide background, create importance?
Introduction
I am a movie fanatic. When friends want to know what picture won the Oscar in 2001 or who voiced Optimus Prime in Transformers, they ask me. My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. Ultimately it is more enjoyable to wait for a movie's release on DVD because of the problems in getting to the theater, the theater itself, and the behavior of some patrons.
Introduction
Background: He is a movie enthusiast
Significance: Watching movies at movie theaters can be unpleasant (presents a problem to be solved)
Thesis: _____________
________________
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30. What are the 3 prongs of the thesis?
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31. What are the 3 prongs of the thesis?
Introduction
I am a movie fanatic. When friends want to know what picture won the Oscar in 2001 or who voiced Optimus Prime in Transformers, they ask me. My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. Ultimately it is more enjoyable to wait for a movie's release on DVD because of the problems in getting to the theater, the theater itself, and the behavior of some patrons.
Introduction
Background: He is a movie enthusiast
Significance: Watching movies at movie theaters can be unpleasant
Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of
________________
12 September 2018

32. How does the author provide background, create importance?
Introduction
I am a movie fanatic. When friends want to know what picture won the Oscar in 2001 or who voiced Optimus Prime in Transformers, they ask me. My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. Ultimately it is more enjoyable to wait for a movie's release on DVD because of the problems in getting to the theater, the theater itself, and the behavior of some patrons.
Introduction
Background: He is a movie enthusiast
Significance: Watching movies at movie theaters can be unpleasant
Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of
________________
12 September 2018

33. What are the 3 prongs of the thesis?
Introduction
I am a movie fanatic. When friends want to know what picture won the Oscar in 2001 or who voiced Optimus Prime in Transformers, they ask me. My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. Ultimately it is more enjoyable to wait for a movie's release on DVD because of the problems in getting to the theater, the theater itself, and the behavior of some patrons.
Introduction
Background: He is a movie enthusiast
Significance: Watching movies at movie theaters can be unpleasant
Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of
the problems in getting to the theater
_________________
12 September 2018

34. What are the 3 prongs of the thesis?
Introduction
I am a movie fanatic. When friends want to know what picture won the Oscar in 2001 or who voiced Optimus Prime in Transformers, they ask me. My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. Ultimately it is more enjoyable to wait for a movie's release on DVD because of the problems in getting to the theater, the theater itself, and the behavior of some patrons.
Introduction
Background: He is a movie enthusiast
Significance: Watching movies at movie theaters can be unpleasant
Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of
the problems in getting to the theater
_________________
12 September 2018

35. What are the 3 prongs of the thesis?
Introduction
I am a movie fanatic. When friends want to know what picture won the Oscar in 2001 or who voiced Optimus Prime in Transformers, they ask me. My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. Ultimately it is more enjoyable to wait for a movie's release on DVD because of the problems in getting to the theater, the theater itself, and the behavior of some patrons.
Introduction
Background: He is a movie enthusiast
Significance: Watching movies at movie theaters can be unpleasant
Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of
the problems in getting to the theater
the theater itself
________________
12 September 2018

36. What are the 3 prongs of the thesis?
Introduction
I am a movie fanatic. When friends want to know what picture won the Oscar in 2001 or who voiced Optimus Prime in Transformers, they ask me. My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. Ultimately it is more enjoyable to wait for a movie's release on DVD because of the problems in getting to the theater, the theater itself, and the behavior of some patrons.
Introduction
Background: He is a movie enthusiast
Significance: Watching movies at movie theaters can be unpleasant
Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of
the problems in getting to the theater
the theater itself
________________
12 September 2018

37. What are the 3 prongs of the thesis?
Introduction
I am a movie fanatic. When friends want to know what picture won the Oscar in 2001 or who voiced Optimus Prime in Transformers, they ask me. My friends, though, have stopped asking me if I want to go out to the movies. Ultimately it is more enjoyable to wait for a movie's release on DVD because of the problems in getting to the theater, the theater itself, and the behavior of some patrons.
Introduction
Background: He is a movie enthusiast
Significance: Watching movies at movie theaters can be unpleasant
Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of_
the problems in getting to the theater
the theater itself
the behavior of some patrons
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38. Set Up the Body Paragraphs
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39. Background: He is a movie enthusiast
Introduction
Background: He is a movie enthusiast
Significance: Watching movies at movie theaters can be unpleasant
Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of
the problems in getting to the theater
the theater itself
the behavior of some patrons
Body 1:
_______________________________________________________
Body 2:
Body 3:
Conclusion:
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40. Background: He is a movie enthusiast
Introduction
Background: He is a movie enthusiast
Significance: Watching movies at movie theaters can be unpleasant
Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of
the problems in getting to the theater
the theater itself
the behavior of some patrons
Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater
_______________________________________________________
Body 2:
Body 3:
Conclusion:
12 September 2018

41. Background: He is a movie enthusiast
Introduction
Background: He is a movie enthusiast
Significance: Watching movies at movie theaters can be unpleasant
Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of
the problems in getting to the theater
the theater itself
the behavior of some patrons
Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater
_______________________________________________________
Body 2:
Body 3:
Conclusion:
12 September 2018

42. Background: He is a movie enthusiast
Introduction
Background: He is a movie enthusiast
Significance: Watching movies at movie theaters can be unpleasant
Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of
the problems in getting to the theater
the theater itself
the behavior of some patrons
Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater
_______________________________________________________
Body 2: Problems of the theater itself
Body 3:
Conclusion:
12 September 2018

43. Background: He is a movie enthusiast
Introduction
Background: He is a movie enthusiast
Significance: Watching movies at movie theaters can be unpleasant
Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of
the problems in getting to the theater
the theater itself
the behavior of some patrons
Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater
_______________________________________________________
Body 2: Problems of the theater itself
Body 3:
Conclusion:
12 September 2018

44. Background: He is a movie enthusiast
Introduction
Background: He is a movie enthusiast
Significance: Watching movies at movie theaters can be unpleasant
Thesis: It is more enjoyable to watch a movie on DVD because of
the problems in getting to the theater
the theater itself
the behavior of some patrons
Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater
_______________________________________________________
Body 2: Problems of the theater itself
Body 3: Behavior of patrons
Conclusion:
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45. Body Paragraph 1
    First of all, just getting to the theater presents difficulties. Leaving a home equipped with an HDTV, Blu-Ray, and surround sound isn't an attractive idea on a humid, cold, or rainy night. Even if the weather cooperates, there is still a thirty-minute drive to the theater down a congested highway, followed by the hassle of looking for a parking space. And then there are the lines. After hooking yourself to the end of a human chain, you worry about whether there will be enough tickets, whether you will get seats together, and whether many people will sneak into the line ahead of you.
Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater
_____________________
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46. What is the Topic Sentence?
    First of all, just getting to the theater presents difficulties. Leaving a home equipped with an HDTV, Blu-Ray, and surround sound isn't an attractive idea on a humid, cold, or rainy night. Even if the weather cooperates, there is still a thirty-minute drive to the theater down a congested highway, followed by the hassle of looking for a parking space. And then there are the lines. After hooking yourself to the end of a human chain, you worry about whether there will be enough tickets, whether you will get seats together, and whether many people will sneak into the line ahead of you.
Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater
_____________________
12 September 2018

47. What is the Topic Sentence?
    First of all, just getting to the theater presents difficulties. Leaving a home equipped with an HDTV, Blu-Ray, and surround sound isn't an attractive idea on a humid, cold, or rainy night. Even if the weather cooperates, there is still a thirty-minute drive to the theater down a congested highway, followed by the hassle of looking for a parking space. And then there are the lines. After hooking yourself to the end of a human chain, you worry about whether there will be enough tickets, whether you will get seats together, and whether many people will sneak into the line ahead of you.
Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater
_____________________
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48. What are the Supporting Details?
    First of all, just getting to the theater presents difficulties. Leaving a home equipped with an HDTV, Blu-Ray, and surround sound isn't an attractive idea on a humid, cold, or rainy night. Even if the weather cooperates, there is still a thirty-minute drive to the theater down a congested highway, followed by the hassle of looking for a parking space. And then there are the lines. After hooking yourself to the end of a human chain, you worry about whether there will be enough tickets, whether you will get seats together, and whether many people will sneak into the line ahead of you.
Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater
_____________________
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49. What are the Supporting Details?
    First of all, just getting to the theater presents difficulties. Leaving a home equipped with an HDTV, Blu-Ray, and surround sound isn't an attractive idea on a humid, cold, or rainy night. Even if the weather cooperates, there is still a thirty-minute drive to the theater down a congested highway, followed by the hassle of looking for a parking space. And then there are the lines. After hooking yourself to the end of a human chain, you worry about whether there will be enough tickets, whether you will get seats together, and whether many people will sneak into the line ahead of you.
Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater
_____________________
12 September 2018

50. What are the Supporting Details?
    First of all, just getting to the theater presents difficulties. Leaving a home equipped with an HDTV, Blu-Ray, and surround sound isn't an attractive idea on a humid, cold, or rainy night. Even if the weather cooperates, there is still a thirty-minute drive to the theater down a congested highway, followed by the hassle of looking for a parking space. And then there are the lines. After hooking yourself to the end of a human chain, you worry about whether there will be enough tickets, whether you will get seats together, and whether many people will sneak into the line ahead of you.
Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater
comfort of home v. uncomfortable weather
_____________________
12 September 2018

51. What are the Supporting Details?
    First of all, just getting to the theater presents difficulties. Leaving a home equipped with an HDTV, Blu-Ray, and surround sound isn't an attractive idea on a humid, cold, or rainy night. Even if the weather cooperates, there is still a thirty-minute drive to the theater down a congested highway, followed by the hassle of looking for a parking space. And then there are the lines. After hooking yourself to the end of a human chain, you worry about whether there will be enough tickets, whether you will get seats together, and whether many people will sneak into the line ahead of you.
Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater
comfort of home v. uncomfortable weather
_____________________
12 September 2018

52. What are the Supporting Details?
    First of all, just getting to the theater presents difficulties. Leaving a home equipped with an HDTV, Blu-Ray, and surround sound isn't an attractive idea on a humid, cold, or rainy night. Even if the weather cooperates, there is still a thirty-minute drive to the theater down a congested highway, followed by the hassle of looking for a parking space. And then there are the lines. After hooking yourself to the end of a human chain, you worry about whether there will be enough tickets, whether you will get seats together, and whether many people will sneak into the line ahead of you.
Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater
comfort of home v. uncomfortable weather
driving and parking
_____________________
12 September 2018

53. What are the Supporting Details?
    First of all, just getting to the theater presents difficulties. Leaving a home equipped with an HDTV, Blu-Ray, and surround sound isn't an attractive idea on a humid, cold, or rainy night. Even if the weather cooperates, there is still a thirty-minute drive to the theater down a congested highway, followed by the hassle of looking for a parking space. And then there are the lines. After hooking yourself to the end of a human chain, you worry about whether there will be enough tickets, whether you will get seats together, and whether many people will sneak into the line ahead of you.
Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater
comfort of home v. uncomfortable weather
driving and parking
_____________________
12 September 2018

54. What are the Supporting Details?
    First of all, just getting to the theater presents difficulties. Leaving a home equipped with an HDTV, Blu-Ray, and surround sound isn't an attractive idea on a humid, cold, or rainy night. Even if the weather cooperates, there is still a thirty-minute drive to the theater down a congested highway, followed by the hassle of looking for a parking space. And then there are the lines. After hooking yourself to the end of a human chain, you worry about whether there will be enough tickets, whether you will get seats together, and whether many people will sneak into the line ahead of you.
Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater
comfort of home v. uncomfortable weather
driving and parking
lines
_____________________
12 September 2018

55. What are the Supporting Details?
    First of all, just getting to the theater presents difficulties. Leaving a home equipped with an HDTV, Blu-Ray, and surround sound isn't an attractive idea on a humid, cold, or rainy night. Even if the weather cooperates, there is still a thirty-minute drive to the theater down a congested highway, followed by the hassle of looking for a parking space. And then there are the lines. After hooking yourself to the end of a human chain, you worry about whether there will be enough tickets, whether you will get seats together, and whether many people will sneak into the line ahead of you.
Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater
comfort of home v. uncomfortable weather
driving and parking
lines
_____________________
12 September 2018

56. What are the Supporting Details?
    First of all, just getting to the theater presents difficulties. Leaving a home equipped with an HDTV, Blu-Ray, and surround sound isn't an attractive idea on a humid, cold, or rainy night. Even if the weather cooperates, there is still a thirty-minute drive to the theater down a congested highway, followed by the hassle of looking for a parking space. And then there are the lines. After hooking yourself to the end of a human chain, you worry about whether there will be enough tickets, whether you will get seats together, and whether many people will sneak into the line ahead of you.
Body 1: Difficulties getting to the theater
comfort of home v. uncomfortable weather
driving and parking
lines
sold out shows
not sitting together
people cutting in line
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57. With a partner, outline Body Paragraph 2
    Once you have made it to the box office and gotten your tickets, you are confronted with the problems of the theater itself. If you are in one of the run-down older theaters, you must adjust to the musty smell of seldom-cleaned carpets. Escaped springs lurk in the faded plush or cracked leather seats, and half the seats you sit in seem loose or tilted so that you sit at a strange angle. The newer twin and quad theaters offer their own problems. Sitting in an area only one-quarter the size of a regular theater, moviegoers often have to put up with the sound of the movie next door. This is especially jarring when the other movie involves racing cars or a karate war and you are trying to enjoy a quiet love story. And whether the theater is old or new, it will have floors that seem to be coated with rubber cement. By the end of a movie, shoes almost have to be pried off the floor because they have become sealed to a deadly compound of spilled soda, hardening bubble gum, and crushed Ju-Ju-bes.
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58. With a partner, outline Body Paragraph 2
___________________________
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59. Activity Work in small groups.
By using the essay outline I introduced today, write an essay outline for one of the following topics (opening remarks+thesis statement in the intro; topic sentence+specific evidence in each body paragraph; conclusion):
Teenagers and Stress
Privacy and the Computer
High-speed Trains in China
Television Advertising
The Education Reform in HK
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