1. Body Parts

2. Anatomical Position The anatomical position is a reference point.
It gives meaning to the directional terms used to describe the body parts and regions.
In this reference position:
The body is erect and faced forward
The arms are at the sides, palms forward
The head and feet point forward

3. Anatomical Position The human body has equal external parts.
This is referred to as bilateral symmetry.
This is achieved by drawing an imaginary midline down the axis of the body
The advantage to being bilaterally symmetrical is that one can then compare the size and shape of body parts easily.

4. Anatomical Position
When the “parts” are found on the same side of the body they are referred to as ipsilateral.
Parts that are on opposite sides of the body are referred to as contralateral.
Ex. If the right knee were injured, the left knee would be designated as the contralateral knee.

5. Body Regions (2) The body can be subdivided in two major portions:
The parts that keep us alive and
The extra parts that we typically call the limbs or the “arms and legs”.

6. This is known as the axial portion.
The trunk portion of the body consists of the head, neck, and torso.
This is known as the axial portion.

7. The appendicular or limb portion of the body consists of:
the upper and lower limbs and how they connect to the axial portions.

8. Abdominopelvic Quadrants (4)
The abdomen is often divided into 4 regions.
A horizontal line and a vertical line passing through the umbilicus divide the abdomen into:
Right upper quadrant
Left upper quadrant
Right lower quadrant
Left lower quadrant

10. Abdominal Regions (9)
For the convenience of locating abdominal organs, the area is divided like a tic-tac-toe grid.
Identified from right to left and from top to bottom, the regions are:
Right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac
Right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar
Right iliac (inguinal), hypogastric, left iliac (inguinal)