1. The General Picture of TRIZ From the Viewpoint of Changing Objects
1．Purpose and Method
2. Summary of Previous Papers
3. Technology and Institution
4．Types of Objects Change and TRIZ
40 Principles
5. Conclusion
02－06
07－16
17－20
21－29
30－32
TAKAHARA Toshio 　
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

2. 1. Purpose and Method 1.1 Purpose
Change Objects
An important thing is only to make a right change on a right “object” in some area
　　1．Application Area
　　2. Object World
　　　　Especially Thing to be operated in Object
　　3．Method to change
Formal Theory for these requirements in every application area (I don’t touch existing contents of TRIZ)
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

3. 1.2 Purpose and Total Picture of Study
Change Object : Enumerate what can be changed
Enumerate the way of change
Basic Concepts
Granularity and Density, Attributes
Objects
Objects Change
Object World
How to Express Object World
Method of Resolving Differences (Intentional change of Object World)
Application Area
(Personal, Technology, Institution)
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

4. 1.3．Key of Method: Type
A classification into minimum (if possible) kinds of elements of something as Types, in which
　　1. we can deal with the same kind in the same way and the different kind differently, (Unified Way)
　　2. by the combination of element we could reconstruct the original one uniquely in Object World or kind of element cover all Objects change and application area. (Exhaustiveness)
 Unified and Systematic Theory to change Object
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

5. 1.4 Method : Relation between Types
Types of Objects　Change to be obtained not Types of Object In
A weak point of TRIZ
In 2007, 2008
Basic Concepts　
And Types　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Object,
Attributes and Object Structure
Objects In
A weak point of TRIZ
Objects Change
Object World
Types of Object Transformation and Operation =>Types of Solution
In 2007
Types of Purposes
Types of Area
Types of Institution
In the future
Application Area
(Personal, Technology, Institution)
Method of Resolving Differences (Intentional change of Object World)
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

6. 1.5 Method : Flow of Types
Recognition of the real world and Differences
2.1 Object
Types of Purposes: Make a new function, Problem solving, Idealization （more plus, less minus）
2.2 Object Structure
Specify relation between purpose, situation and types of Objects change
In 2007: Under one attribute and one Object
In 2008: Under two attributes and two Objects
2.3 Types of Objects Change to be obtained　
Change Object: Specify something to be changed in Object and method of Operation and Transformation of Object
Types of Solution (in the Future)
2.4 Types of Operation and Transformation of Object
Solution
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

7. 2. Summary of Previous Papers 2.1． Object, Granularity, Attributes
Kinds of Objects: Types of Object World
Kinds of Objects which is something to be recognized
　１．Matter ：System Object　　　　　　
　２． “Idea” ：System Object
　　21．Information of individual or common notion which is taken by physical entity
　　 22．My idea
　３．Movement or Action：Process Object
Granularity＝Size, magnitude or scope in space and/ or time of something
Density＝ Density of inner structure, Degree of abstraction of something
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

8. Four granularities of Attribute in Object Relation between elements
2.2.　Structure of Object
Principle D
Four granularities of Attribute in Object
　 Attribute 1 is everything that concretely describe Object
　Attribute 1= Attribute 2 (Content) in narrow sense + Inner Structure (Form)
　 Attribute 2 in narrow sense＝ Attribute 3 difficult to change in most narrow sense + State easy to change
Latent attributes
（Attributes, Value)
Function a
Principle U/ P
Function b
Function n
Object
Attribute a
Attribute b
Attribute n
Inner structure
Elements
Number of Elements
Relation between elements
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

9. 2.3. Types of Objects Change within one Attribute and one Object
1．Generate or delete Object *
2．Generate or delete attributes *
3．Change attributes of Object
　1) No change of attributes
　2) Change attributes of Object not qualitatively
　3) Change attributes of Object qualitatively
* To generate Object or attributes is to bring in to the stage of Object World. To delete Object or attributes is to bring out from the stage of Object World.
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

10. Object Transformation Principle D
2.4. Types of Object Operation and Transformation Types of Object Transformation 1
Object Transformation Principle D
Change of inner structure consisting of elements and the relation between them can change plural attributes of Object, generate new Object and delete Object itself from inside.
（an expansion of the law of the mutual transformation of quantitative and qualitative changes）
Basically Principle U,P change attributes 2 from outside
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

11. 2.4.2 Types of Object Transformation 2
Movement
Object 2
Object Transformation Principle U
Object 1and movement can change attributes of Object 2 or Object 2 itself.
Object 1
Movement
Object 2
Object Transformation Principle P
Object 1 and Object 2 can change attributes of movement or movement itself.
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

12. 2.4.3. Types of Object Operation
Object Operation A：We can operate existing single Object or Object in “Object 1- Process Object- Object 2 model”.
Object Operation R： We can bring in, bring out or replace Object or its element of existing single Object or Object in “Object 1- Process Object- Object 2 model” freely regardless they are existing or not.
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

13. 2.4.4.　Relation between Types of Object Operation, Transformation and Objects Change within One Object
Types of
Object Operation
Types of
Object Transformation
Types of Objects Change
Delete or generate Object, attributes
Change number of Object, attributes:
0－ 1,
1－ 0
Principle D:
Change inner structure of Object
Operation A:
Act on existing Object
Principle P:
Object1 and Object2 change Process Object
Qualitatively
Change attributes of Object
Person
Change 1 attribute of Object
Operation R:
Bring in, bring out or replace Object
Principle U:
Object1 and Process Object change Object2
Not qualitatively
Change attributes of Object
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

14. 2.5.1. How to Express 1： Example of Picture Frame
Person
Nail
Picture frame held by a person
Hanged Picture frame with Torque
Hang Frame on nail
Hang Frame on nail
And/ or
frame and string
With no qualitative change
Person
Nail
Picture frame held by a person
Hang Frame on nail
Hanged Picture frame with Torque
frame and string
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

15. 2.5.2. How to Express 2：Example of Burning
With qualitative change or replace
Oxygen
And/ or
Burn
State before burning
Burn
State after burning
Flammable material with carbon
Ash
CO2
Oxygen
Person
１０g
Burn 5g
X t
Activity
Y t
Flammable material with carbon
Ash
CO2
CO2
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

16. 2.5.3. How to Express Detailed Picture Frame
Nail
Torque A caused by gap between gravity center and nail
A－(B-＋C-)＞０　
Person
Picture frame held by a person
Hang Frame on nail horizontally
Frame hanged horizontally
Frame slant
Slanted frame
Friction B between nail and string
Friction B-
frame and string
Friction C between wall and frame
Touch
Friction C- between wall and frame
Person
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan
wall

17. 3.1. Technology and Institution
Technology：Things between Person and Nature
Institution：Common Idea between Person and Community
　 1. Person and Thing take Common Idea
　 Institution of Exchange (e.g. language, money)
　2. Person takes Common Idea:
　　 Common Subject (e.g. thought, philosophy, religion, moral)
　　　System Institution (e.g. nation, corporation, family）
　　　Social Institution (e.g. law, politics, economics)
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

18. 3. 2．Example of Institution: Birth of Commodity and Money K
3.2．Example of Institution: Birth of Commodity and Money　K. Marx “Capital” Chap.1
Add (and segment) attribute by Principle U
Bring in “Exchange” by Operation R
Use-value
Useful thing
Add attribute by exchange
Person
Use-value
Unintentional movement
Exchangeable
Transformation of attributes in succeeding exchange processes
Person
Useful thing
Use-value
Exchange-value
Segmentation of Object into Commodity and Money
Person
Commodity
Bring in Money by Operation R
Money
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

19. 3.3. Change and Contradiction
Change is an assemblage of
　intentional change (Resolving Differences)
　unintentional change
　autonomous change: contradiction
Technology is conformed mainly to the law of movement of matter without purpose
Institution is conformed to the law of movement of community to realize purposes grasped at granularity as autonomous
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

20. 3.4. Technology and Institution
In Both Technology and Institution　
　　Change Objects by cause- effect relation, and use results and knowledge of contradiction
Institution
　We have only necessary conditions which are to
　　continue to verify input and output of action,
　　continue to ask for method to realize change and 　common subject itself and
　　continue to act for change for the purpose.
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

21. 4. Types of Objects Change and TRIZ 4.1.1 Preparation: Two Viewpoint
3 Granularities of change
A1. Change of number of Objects
A2. Change of number of attributes
A3. Change of attributes
3 Types of Means of Changing Object => Types of solution / 40 Principles
B1. By Basic Principles
B2. Resolving Contradiction
B3. Simple Change of Attributes
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

22. 4.1.2 Types of Objects Change and TRIZ Preparation : Types of Contradiction
3 Types of Opposites: 　
　2 attributes in each Object, 2 attributes in 1 Object, 2 values in 1 attribute
3 Types of Contradictions
A. “Allow contradiction to go on” type　（“Develop a form in which opposites can exist side by side” )
　　Type 1: Mutually exclusive conditions of two values in one attribute lead to movement (PC)
　　Type Y
B. “Improvement of attributes of contradiction” type
　　Type X: PC
　　Type 2: Meet two values of requirements of two attributes simultaneously (TC)
　　Type 3: Transformation of two attributes
C. “Improvement of attributes of opposites” type
　　Type 4: Segmentation of Object
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

23. 4.1.3 Types of Changed Objects and TRIZ Preparation : Types of Resolving Contradiction
A. “Allow contradiction to go on” type
B. “Improvement of attributes of contradiction” type
C. “Improvement of attributes of opposites” type
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

24. 4.2.1　Rearrange Existing 40 Principles 1 numbers of Principles the number of Principle 31, 32, 37 are not included
Structure Principles Super Groups
a） Basic Principles Group 6：1, 2, 5, 6, 24, 34
b） Dynamic Principles Group 18：(3, 4, 6, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, 35, 40)
c） Structure Principles Group 7：(1, 2, 5, 7, 13, 24, 40)
d） Replace Principles Groups 9：
　 Replace Element Principles Group (26, 27, 28)
　 Replace Environment Principles Group (29, 38, 39)
　 Replace by Attributes Change Principles Group (14, 30, 40)
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

25. 4.2.2 Rearrange Existing 40 Principles 2
Function and Attributes Principles Super Groups 1
e） Plus Principles Groups 18：
　 Basic Plus Principles Group (1, 24, 35)
　 Function Plus Principles Group (6, 9, 10, 11, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, 25, 36）
　 　Attributes Plus Principles Group (17, 35, 40)
f） Minus Principles Groups 12：
　 Basic Minus Principles Group (2, 5, 34, 35)
　 Function Minus Principles Group (16)
　 Replace Minus Principles Group (26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 33)
　 Attributes Minus Principles Group (33, 35)
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

26. 4.2.3 Rearrange Existing 40 Principles 3
Function and Attributes Principles Super Groups 2
g) Equalize Principles Groups 9：
　 Equalize Problem Solving Principles Group (8, 11, 12, 34)
Equalize Movement Principles Group (9, 10, 16, 23, 34)
　 Equalize Attributes Principles Group (33)
h） “Anti” Principles Groups 8：
　 Basic “Anti” Principles Group (13)
“Anti” Function Principles Group (13)
“Anti” Attributes Principles Group (4, 13, 39)
“Anti- Anti” Function Principles Group (8, 9, 16, 34)
　 　“Anti- Anti” Meaning of Function Principles Group (22）
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

27. 4.3.1. Types of Changed Objects within Two Attributes and Objects and TRIZ
0 Object, 0 attribute
Generate or delete Object
1. Not qualitatively or 2.Qualitatively
change one attribute of one Object.
3. Handling “physical contradiction”
1 Object, 1 attribute
Segment, add, delete or merge attributes
1. Qualitatively transform two attributes.
2. Handling “technical contradiction”
1 Object, 2 attributes
Segment, delete or merge Objects
1. Qualitatively transform two attributes.
2. Handling “technical contradiction”
2 Objects, 2 attributes
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

28. Types of Objects Change Means to realize in TRIZ
4.3.2.　 Types of Objects Change within Two Attributes and Objects and TRIZ 1
Types of Objects Change
Means to realize in TRIZ
1) Change number of Object 0/ 1, 1/ 0
11) Generate Object　
Principle 24. Intermediary
12) Delete Object
Principle 34. Discarding
2) Handling one attribute
213) One value don’t change
211)221)231) Mutually exclusive conditions of two opposites lead to movement
“Physical Contradiction” in TRIZ: Type 1
212)222)232) Two opposites can be separated
Separation of opposites in TRIZ: Type X
223) Not qualitative change of attributes
Many Principles in TRIZ
23) Qualitative change of attributes 233)
2331)　Delete attributes
2332)　Transformation of attribute to the other attributes
(Transformation of attribute to be studied)
3) Change number of attributes 1/ 2, 2/ 1
31) One attribute to two attributes
311) Add attribute
Principle 6. Universality
Principle 25. Self-service, others
　312) Segmentation of attribute
Principle 1. Segmentation
32) Two attributes to one attribute
321) Delete one of the two
Principle 2. Taking out
322) Two merge into one
Principle 5. Merging
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

29. 4.3.3.　 Types of Changed Object within Two Attributes and Objects and TRIZ 2
4) Handling two attributes
41) No change of attributes
Type Y
42) Not qualitative change of attributes
　 Meet two values of requirements simultaneously
“Technical Contradiction” in TRIZ: Type 2
43) Qualitative change of two attributes to the other two attributes
(Transformation of two attribute to be studied): Type 3
5) Change number of Object 1/ 2, 2/ 1
51) One to two
Principle 1. Segmentation: Type 4
52) Two to one 　　
521) One of the two extinguishes
Principle 34. Discarding
522) Two merge into one
Principle 5. Merging, Delete contradiction by merging opponents: type Z
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

30. 5.1 Summary Object Types of Objects Change to be obtained
Basic Concepts　
And Types　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Types of Objects　Change to be obtained
Attributes and Object Structure
Objects
A weak point of TRIZ
Objects Change
Object World
Object Transformation and Operation =>Types of Solution
In 2007
Types of Purposes
Types of Area
Types of Institution
In the future
Method of Resolving Differences (Intentional change of Object World)
Application Area
(Personal, Technology, Institution)
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

31. 5.2 Conclusion
Types of Objects change within two attributes and two Objects
TRIZ is an assemblage of process elements
　 attributes change
　 solving “physical contradiction” and “technical contradiction”
　 segmentation and merging of attributes
　 segmentation and merging of Objects
We can apply TRIZ to institutional area with some modification
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan

32. 5.3. Further Study Needed
Transformation of attribute to the other attribute
How inner structure of Object decide attributes, Structure of contradiction in Institution
Solution to decide
1) how types of purposes and situation decide types of Objects change (position in ) and
2) how types of changed Object select Operation R, Principle U, P and D and decide how to use them Types of Solution
“40 Principles” in the area of Institution as Types of Solution
4th TRIZ Symp. in Japan