1. Criminal law: The Tyrer Case
Public Law II
Criminal law: The Tyrer Case

2. The composition of the UK?
England
Wales
Scotland
Northern Ireland

3. The British Islands
The Channel Islands (Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney and Sark)
The Isle of Man

4. The British Islands

5. Privy Council
A council of the British sovereign that until the 17th century was the supreme legislative body, that now consists of cabinet ministers ex officio and others appointed for life, and that has no important function except through its Judicial Committee, which in certain cases acts as a supreme appellate court in the Commonwealth.

6. The Home Secretary
The Secretary of State for the Home Department, commonly known as the Home Secretary - the minister in charge of the Home Office of the UK.
responsible for internal affairs within England and Wales, and for immigration and citizenship for the whole of the UK;
Also: policing and matters of national security

7. The Royal Assent
The granting of Royal Assent is the formal method by which a constitutional monarch completes the legislative process of lawmaking by formally assenting to an Act of Parliament

8. Constitutional conventions
Practices relating to the exercise of their functions by the Crown, the government, the Parliament and the judiciary that are not legally enforceable but are commonly followed as if they were, e.g. convention that royal assent must not be refused to a Bill duly passed by Parliament

9. Constitutional conventions
The basic reason for obeying conventions – to ensure that the machinery of government should function smoothly
Conventions have not been codified into law and can be modified informally to meet changing circumstances

10. Skim the text and decide which section is about:
A) The application of judicial corporal punishment in the Isle of Man and prospects for the future
B)The constitutional position of the Isle of Man and its relationship with the UK
C) The legal status of judicial corporal punishment in the UK and Isle of Man

11. Group work: Sections 1-3 Read the text carefully.
Write a few questions (4-5)
Answer your questions
Ask your partner to answer your questions
In what way the information in section 1 is relevant to the Tyrer case?

12. Answer the following: 1. Is the Isle of Man part of the UK?
No, it is a dependency of the Crown and has its own state organs and legal system
2. What is the role of the Crown with regard to the Isle of Man?
The Crown (acting through the Privy Council and the Home Secretary) is responsible for the good government of the island, and the Queen in Council ratifies legislation passed by the Isle of Man Parliament

13. Answer the following:
3. Do international treaties which apply to the UK also apply to the Isle of Man?
Yes, but since 1950 only if the Isle of Man is expressly included
4. Does the European Convention on Human Rights apply to the Isle of Man?

14. Answer the following:
Can the UK Parliament pass domestic legislation for the Isle of Man without its consent?
Not normally, because of a constitutional convention to this effect

15. What does it mean? Thereafter (10)? ‘After that; from that time on’
Ratification (18)
‘official confirmation or approval’
Resolution (36)
‘a formal statement of opinion agreed on by an organised body, usually by vote’

16. What does it mean? Charged (6) ‘given as a duty or responsibility’
Hereby (38)
indicates that what you are saying has official status and will take effect immediately
Address (48, 53)
‘give a formal speech; place of residence’

17. What does it mean? Deterrent (34)
‘something that prevents people from doing sth by making them afraid of what will happen to them if they do it’
Penal policy (22)
‘policy relating to punishment for crimes’
Inter alia (36)
‘among other things’

18. What does it mean/refer to?
A) So (10)
B) Such (10)
C) Unless (10)

19. What does it mean/refer to?
A) as extending, in the absence of contrary provision, to the Isle of Man
B) such treaties = international treaties applicable to the UK
C) such territories = territories for whose international relations (the UK Government) were responsible

20. Which of the two alternatives is correct?
1. UK treaties are not applicable to the Isle of Man if there is/is not an express inclusion to this effect (10)
2. The UK Parliament will legislate on the Isle of Man’s domestic affairs without its consent when there is/is not a special reason which overrides the constitutional convention (21-3)

21. Choose the correct alternative:
The Isle of Man
A) belongs to the Queen
B) is totally independent from the UK
C) has some links with the UK, but mainly governs itself
D) belongs to the UK

22. Choose the correct alternative:
Since 1950 international treaties applicable to the UK
A) are automatically applicable to the Isle of Man
B) are never applicable to the Isle of Man
C) are applicable to the Isle of Man if there is no provision to the contrary
D) are only applicable to the Isle of Man if this is expressly stated in the provision

23. Choose the correct alternative:
Domestic legislation for the Isle of Man is generally passed by
A) Tynwald – the Isle of Man Parliament
B) the UK Parliament
C) the Home Secretary and the Privy Council
D) the Legislative Council

24. Choose the correct alternative:
At the time of the Tyrer case judicial corporal punishment existed
A) in England, Wales, Scotland and the Isle of Man
B) in the UK
C) in the Isle of Man
D) in Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man

25. Choose the correct alternative:
In 1963, 1965 and 1977 Tynwald decided to retain judicial corporal punishment
A) to control males under the age of 21
B) to prevent crime
C) to deter visitors
D) to punish hooligans

26. Choose the correct alternative:
In 1978 the majority of the Isle of Man electorate
A) were in favour of keeping judicial corporal punishment
B) were entitled to vote for judicial corporal punishment
C were against judicial corporal punishment
D) voted in favour of keeping judicial corporal punishment

27. Choose the correct alternative:
At the time of the Tyrer case the Isle of Man Parliament was considering legislation which would
A) reduce the use of judicial corporal punishment on young males
B) introduce judicial corporal punishment for serious offences of violence
C) increase the number of offences for which judicial corporal punishment could be given
D) abolish judicial corporal punishment for unlawful assault

28. Choose the correct alternative:
On the Isle of Man, judicial corporal punishment is inflicted
A) once a year
B) in very few cases, if at all, each year
C) for all crimes of violence
D) between 35 and 65 times a year

29. Write a summary of sections 2 and 3
Read sections 2 and 3 carefully and identify the main points
Make sure you understand the main points
For each group of main points, ask a question
Write the answers to your questions in note form

30. Summary Include only the main points Use your own words
Cut out all words which are not necessary to the meaning

31. A The use of capital punishment for murder was abolished…
Reasons for sentencing: D1 Which phrase on the right completes each of the four sentences beginning on the left ? (p. 156)
A The use of capital punishment for murder was abolished…
B) Parliament passed a law to reintroduce capital punishment for the murder of police officers…
C) The infliction of capital punishment was restricted to crimes of terrorism..
D) The government passed a resolution to retain capital punishment for serious crimes of violence…

32. I …on the grounds that life imprisonment of individual offenders was no safeguard against organised groups of criminals
II…as part of their penal policy for the severe punishment of offenders.
III…in order to deter criminals from using firearms against members of the forces of law and order.
IV …because the Parliamentary Commission found that in most offences of this type it was not an effective deterrent

33. Aims of sentencing Punishment – to punish the offender Deterrence –
Rehabilitation –
Protection –
Other – say what

34. Sentencing of offenders
Which forms of punishment do you think are effective deterrents?
Which punishments can help to rehabilitate the offender?
What are the main aims of the penal system in your country?
Is corporal punishment an effective deterrent?