1. North American Plant Protection Organization
Ian McDonell
NAPPO Executive Director
21st Technical Consultation among Regional Plant Protection Organizations
Entebbe, Uganda
November 30 to December 3, 2009

2. Economic impacts of Plant Protection programs
Difficult to quantify
Mostly anecdotal evidence
How much of benefits to attribute to plant protection programs
Lack of data – before and after (e.g. ISPM15)
No history of economic analysis in plant protection
Politicians and public focus on ‘those that got away’

3. What do we know? Control and eradication costs are high
Production losses
Market losses
Environmental damage
Loss of native species

4. NAPPO case studies Potatoes NAPPO Regional standard serves as a
framework to eliminate prohibitions and
develop bilateral agreements
Important economic and political benefits
from potato trade among NAPPO countries

5. Cactoblastis cactorum (cactus moth)
Social impact: Opuntia is a valuable agricultural commodity and staple food of some of the poorest communities living in Northern Mexico
Economic impact: Annual potential loss in the United States and Mexico has been estimated at US $150 million
Benefit/Cost ratio of control program estimated at 50:1

6. Irradiation as a Postharvest treatment
NAPPO and IPPC Standards facilitated expanded use of this technology
Mexico- lack of postharvest treatments for guava
Irradiation opened US market with $5.5 million trade in first year
India exports irradiated mangoes to US
Hawaii investing in irradiation to expand export markets

7. Dr. Linda Fernandez, UC Riverside
Additional work
Dr. Linda Fernandez, UC Riverside
CABI- Megan Quinlan
Other RPPOs?

8. Thank you!