1. Off-site Emergency Management Planning
Dr Rakesh Dubey
Director
Disaster Management Institute
Bhopal
For
“Capacity Development of
Officers of Directorate of
Factories, Boilers, Industrial
Safety and Health”
Govt of Karnataka

2. An effort to address the
Why to do?
What to do?
How to do?
What will the application? Who will be benefitted?

6. Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rule ( MSIHC ) – Preparation of “On – Site Emergency Plan” by the occupier. Details to be furnished as per Schedule – 11 Preparation of “Off– Site Emergency Plan” by the authorities as specified in Schedule 5 Details to be furnished as per Schedule – 12

7. Disaster Management Planning both on-site and off-site should be with following components:
A. Risk Assessment & Management
B. Emergency Preparedness
C. Community Dialogue

9. Priority for the state of Karnataka State
LPG , Propane (under pressure in liquid phase)
Ammonia (under pressure/refrigeration in liquid phase)
Chlorine (under pressure in liquid phase)
Hydrogen (under pressure in gases)
CS2
C0 + H20 + CH4 ( Blast furnaces, LD gases, etc)

10. Causality chain Emission MODELLING Environmental or distribution
MONITORING
Environmental
distribution
Exposure
Effects

11. Types of Emissions Peak emissions Continuous emissions
Intermittent emissions
Block emissions

12. Spatial scales Local scale Regional scale Area around one point source
Average environmental characteristics
“Reasonable worst case” scenario
Regional scale
Area of 200 x 200 km
20 million inhabitants
100 or 10% of production
Average environmental characteristics

17. Single source

19. Multiple sources

25. Storage Conditions Atmospheric Storage Pressure Storage
Fully Refrigerated Storage
Semi-Refrigerated Storage
Gas Under Pressure
Which condition is leading to significant impacts

27. What would be the impacts?
What may go wrong?
What would be the impacts?
Start
How it may go wrong?
How likely its occurrence?
Hazard identification
Quantitative hazard assessment
Probabilistic hazard assessment
Accident scenario development
Fault tree for the envisaged scenario
Fault tree development
What maintenance schedule would reduce its likelihood of occurrence?
Consequences analysis
Fault tree analysis
Risk estimation
Apply maintenance measures and re-evaluate risk
Whether risk is in acceptance?
Suggest maintenance measures to control risk No
Yes
End

28. Risk Assessment & Management
1. evaluate range of potential incidents (without considering possible causes)
2. put mitigation in place for foreseeable ones
3. evaluate community consequences for range of incidents,

29. b) worst imaginable case
a) credible worst case
- largest tank or worst failure consequence
- reasonable duration of release
- passive mitigation in effect
- credible worst weather
b) worst imaginable case
- worst possible duration or release
- no mitigation
- worst possible weather

30. On-site Risk
Off-site Risk

31. Hazards identification : Materials, process, regulatory,
Consequence of hazards
Likelyhood of consequences
Frequency of occurrence
Calculation of Risk
Decision for weighing alternatives

32. Industrial Disaster Management Cycle: OECD

33. Reliability Risk Assessment
Risk Based Maintenance Planning
Risk estimation
Hazard identification
Quantitative Hazard Assessment
Probabilistic Hazard Assessment
Risk Quantification
Risk evaluation
Setting up risk acceptance criteria
Risk comparison
Maintenance planning

34. Part two
Preparedness, Planning, Response

36. Risk related information can be delivered in a meaningful, cost effective and secure manner
Key stakeholders should not be left out of the Risk communication network
Dialogue &
Follow up

37. Key Points: RAIN! Recognize Avoid Isolate Notify What can I do?
Disasters can happen to you at any time and it is important to be aware of your surroundings, know your role (what to do), and who to tell.
R Recognize the presence of a hazard
A Avoid Contamination through use of protection
I Isolate hazards by securing the area
N Notify appropriate higher level persons

38. Recognize Unusual Activity / Behavior Hazardous weather conditions
Things out of place
Unexplained liquids
Strange smells
Abnormal fogs or mists
Suspicious Packages
Recognize the hazard: What do I see, hear, or smell?
Examples of unusual activities / behavior:
Persons wearing inappropriate clothing for current weather conditions
Hospital visitors exploring restricted areas
Persons taking pictures of facilities
Persons frequently visiting for inconsistent or unsubstantiated reasons
Large vehicles parked in visitor areas (i.e. large trucks in non-loading dock areas)
Unattended packages
Hazardous weather conditions: Typically, we are warned in advance of an impending hurricane; however, tornados may happen with little or no warning.
[Instructor note: Discussion / audience participation may be stimulated by asking the participants for examples of what they consider unusual activity or behavior. Consider reviewing Infant Abduction Alert.] ?

39. Avoid What Do I Stay Away From?
Don’t become a victim
Don’t rush in
Remember:
Your safety is paramount.
Think about the situation before acting to avoid becoming a victim. Take actions to avoid liquids, powders, clouds, or vapors and out of sight of any potential improvised explosive device. If you can see a bomb, then it can kill you is a good rule of thumb.
Apply the concepts of time, distance, and shielding. Avoiding exposure time to the threat, put distance between oneself and the threat, and protective equipment or barriers between oneself and the threat.
Always use standard precautions
Proper hand washing is a great basic infection control method to protect yourself, staff, and patients
Consider alternative products to hand washing when necessary such as alcohol gels and foams
Routinely wipe down surfaces with surface wipes
Ask if you are unsure – it is better to be safe than sorry.
If you need to wear a face mask, FIT testing and / or proper training is required. Persons who work in clinical areas will be FIT tested.
The 4 Don’ts
Don’t TEST (Taste, Eat, Smell, Touch)
Don’t assume anything

40. Isolate Keep others away from hazard area
Fire doors may be used to help contain a fire as well as support containment of a security threat or infectious area.
It is each department’s responsibility to know how to control and / or contain their area. Access to critical areas must be controlled.
It is important to note security needs. It is everyone’s responsibility to assist with preventing unauthorized access.
Do not open locked doors to persons outside.
Watch for and report persons entering an isolated area.
Take action to isolate or reduce exposure to contamination or threat; attempt to remove oneself from the contaminated zone, remover other people who may be in the contaminated zone, and keep people from going into the contaminated zone. Evacuation may be necessary.
Keep others away from
hazard area

41. Notify Immediate Supervisor Hospital Emergency Phone Number
It is important to know what belongs in your area and what doesn’t so that things like suspicious packages and chemical spills are recognized right away.
Avoid touching or tasting unknown liquids, objects, packages, etc.
Isolate and contain the area. Evacuation and / or decontamination may be necessary. Also remember to consider security concerns.
Call for help and notify appropriate persons.
[Instructor Note: This slide should reflect your hospital’s procedures for notification. Please modify accordingly.]
Remember RAIN! Recognize, Avoid, Isolate, Notify

42. RAIN! Example #1 Recognize: Suspicious Package
Avoid: Do not touch object
Isolate: Contain the area &
keep others away from hazard area
Notify: Call for help
For bombs, cell phones may activate a bomb and need to be turned off.

43. RAIN! Example #2 Recognize: Chemical Spill
Avoid: Do not touch, taste, or smell
Isolate: Contain the scene & keep others away from hazard area
Notify: Call for help
Chemical spills may be identified by observation of strange vapors and smells, or liquids of unusual color.
Decontamination team personnel will perform decontamination procedures as necessary. High level personal protective equipment should only be used by those individuals who have been properly trained.

44. Incident

47. ALARP

48. ALARP means
‘As Low As Reasonable Practicable’
ALARP demonstration means:
To demonstrate that the project & associated systems and HSEMS will enable the facility to be operated & maintained safely such that residual risks to HSE are tolerable

49. By putting prevention techniques
Through planning
By response plans
Through mitigation
Education and awareness
Best practices

50. Good practices
Technical approaches

51. Management review

52. Transport Sector

54. Administrative and technical control
Worst example of regulatory compliance
Best example for regulatory compliance
October 21, 2010 at Hyderabad, AP

62. Administrative and engineering
Engineering way
No engineering arrangements for storing
October 21, 2010 at Hyderabad, AP

66. Administrative /Engineering failure
October 21, 2010 at Hyderabad, AP

67. Excercise
October 21, 2010 at Hyderabad, AP

71. Don’t forget to visit www.hrdp-idrm.in