1. Minerals

2. A mineral is Naturally formed Inorganic solid Crystalline structure
Same chemical compound

3. Elements
Are pure substances that cannot be broken down

4. Each element
Is made up of one kind of atom

5. A compound
Is a substance made up of two or more elements that have been joined or bonded together

6. Crystals
Solid, geometric forms of minerals produced by a repeating pattern of atoms throughout the mineral.

7. Crystal
Halite
Gold
Silver

8. Types of Minerals
1.Silicate minerals- Contains silicon and oxygen ( two most common elements in Earth’s crust)

9. Silicate minerals Feldspar-make up about half the earth’s crust
Biotite mica- soft and shiny, break easy into sheets
Quartz- SiO2

10. 2. Nonsilicate minerals
Does not contain silicon and oxygen

11. Native elements 20 minerals
Gold, platinum diamond, copper sulfur,silver

12. Carbonates
Combinations of carbon and oxygen
Calcite- CaCO3

13. Halides
Elements combine: F, Cl, I, Br forms with Na, K, Ca
Fluorite

14. Oxides
Aluminum or iron combines with oxygen

15. Sulfates
Contains sulfur and oxygen
SO4
Gypsum

16. Sulfides
One or more element combines with sulfur
Galena PbS

17. Science log
What are the four characteristic of a mineral?
What three minerals are in a granite rock?

18. A mineral is Naturally formed Inorganic solid Crystalline structure
Same chemical compound

19. Quartz
Mica
Granite
Feldspar

20. Moh’s scale 1.talc 2.gypsum 3.calcite 4.fluorite 5. apatite
6. orthoclase
7. quartz
8. topaz
9. corundum
10. diamond

21. 1. Talc

22. 2. Gypsum

23. 3. Calcite

24. 4. Fluorite
Comes in white, green and purple

25. 5. Apatite

26. 6. Orthoclase

27. 7. Quartz

28. 8. Topaz

29. 9. Corundum

30. 10 Diamond

31. Section 2
Identifying Minerals

32. Identifying Minerals Color- not always reliable
Luster-surface reflects light-( shiny)
Metallic luster, nonmetallic luster, submetallic luster.

33. Streak
Color of the mineral in a powdered form.

34. Cleavage
Minerals break along flat surfaces.

35. Fracture
Minerals break unevenly along curved or irregular surfaces.

36. Hardness ( Moh’s Scale)

37. Density Measure of how much matter there is in a given amount of
space.

38. Special properties Fluorescence Chemical reaction Optical properties
Taste
Magnetism
Radioactivity- Geiger Counter

39. Science Log With your partner, finish page 343.
You do not have to do #5
Start as soon as you come into class

40. Science Log
List the ten minerals from least to most hardest in the Moh’s Scale.
List the 7 ways to identify minerals.
List the 6 special properties of minerals.

41. Science Log Jan 17,08
Use your memory to put the minerals on the board in order of the Moh’s scale from 1-10.
Do not look at book or notes!!!!
Use a new page in science log!!

42. Moh’s scale 1.talc 2.gypsum 3.calcite 4.fluorite 5. apatite
6. orthoclase
7. quartz
8. topaz
9. corumdum
10. diamond

43. Name 7 ways to Identifying minerals
Color
Luster
Streak
Cleavage
Fracture
Hardness
Density

44. Name 6 Special properties of minerals.
Fluorescence
Chemical reaction
Optical properties
Radioactivity
Magnetism
Taste

45. Formation and mining of minerals.
Section 3
Formation and mining of minerals.

46. Formation and mining Evaporation and Saltwater(gypsum and halite
Limestone-Surface water and groundwater ( calcite and dolomite

47. Hot water solutions( gold, copper, sulfur, pyrite and galena
Pegmatites- hot magma forms tear drop shape forming large crystals ( topaz, tourmaline)

48. Plutons- magma cools slowly forming millions of crystals
Plutons- magma cools slowly forming millions of crystals. ( Mica, feldspar,magnetite, quartz

49. Metamorphic rock- pressure and temperature, minerals form in rock
Metamorphic rock- pressure and temperature, minerals form in rock. ( calcite, garnet, hematite and talc

50. Mining ore Mineral deposits large enough to mine
Surface mining and deep mines

51. Reclamation
Returning land to its original state after mining is complete.

52. Name five minerals that you have learned about.
Science Log
Name five minerals that you have learned about.

53. Moh’s scale 1.talc 2.gypsum 3.calcite 4.fluorite 5. apatite
6. orthoclase
7. quartz
8. topaz
9. corumdum
10. diamond