1. 3.3 Parts of the Cell
Key CONCEPTS: 1. What are the cells structures and what are their functions?
Language/Vocabulary:
*Draw analogies between the cell and a city
*Create our own analogies in a project

2. Nucleus Only found in eukaryotic cells
Control center or “brain” of cell
Contains genetic information
What molecule does the nucleus contain?

3. Nuclear Structures
The nuclear envelope is a membrane that surrounds the nucleus
What is the function of the nuclear membrane?
The nucleolus is an organelle inside the nucleus
Its function is to make ribosomes for the cell

4. Cytoplasm Area in between the nucleus and cell membrane
Made of a jelly-like substance called cytosol
Found in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
What is the function of cytoplasm?

5. Ribosomes Small round organelles
Found in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
What is the function of ribosomes?

6. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Network of membranes that surround the nucleus
Two kinds:
1. Rough ER - ribosomes attached
2. Smooth ER - no ribosomes attached
The ER
transports proteins and lipids around the cell
What types of cells have ERs?

7. Golgi Apparatus Group of flattened membranes
Processes, packages, and ships out (exports) cell products
Ex. Proteins
AKA Golgi bodies
What types of cells have a Golgi apparatus?

8. Lysosomes Small round organelles Mostly found in animal cells
Lysosomes are digestive organelles
Breakdown molecules for parts
Eliminate:
waste products
What organ system would they be related to in humans?

9. Mitochondria Large oval organelle Provide: energy for the cell
Used in cellular respiration
Convert organic molecules to energy molecules
Glucose  Energy
What does organic mean?

10. Cilia Cilia are short hair-like projections on cells
What is the function of cilia?
What kinds of cells have cilia?

11. Flagella Flagella are long whip-like tails on cells
What is the function of flagella?
What kinds of cells have flagella?

12. Chloroplasts Large green organelles that conduct the process of:
photosynthesis
Produce sugar using light energy
What kinds of cells have chloroplasts?

13. Vacuole Large organelle in plant cells
Store water and waste products
Help give plant cells their shape
Animal cells may also have one or two smaller vacuoles
Can also store POISON
in plants.

14. Cell Wall Rigid structure that surrounds the outside of cells
Protects the cell
Gives cells shape
What types of cells have cell walls?

15. Cell Membrane Semi-permeable structure that surrounds the cell
What does permeable mean?
Controls what enters and exits the cell
Found in all cells
AKA : the plasma membrane

16. Cell Membrane Made of a bilayer of phospholipids
Phospholipids have hydrophobic (fearing) tail and hydrophilic (loving) head
The cell membrane also has proteins in it to help move molecules in and out of the cell