1. Sonohysterography (SHG) in infertility
Sonohysterography (SHG) in infertility. A: Diagram of SHG using balloon-tipped catheter. The balloon is filled with saline and then retracted into the distal internal cervical os to prohibit reflux and obtain maximal distention. (Drawing by Paul Gross, MS.) B: Sonohysterography shows multiple polyps. C: Hysteroscopic view of multiple polyps seen in (B). D: Sonohysterography showing adhesion appearing as echogenic interface crossing the lumen. E: Hysteroscopic view of adhesion in patient in (D). (Courtesy of Esther Eisenberg, MD) F: Initial transvaginal sonogram of patient before SHG. The endometrium (between cursors) is slightly irregular in this patient who has a history of several miscarriages. G: After saline distention, there is mild irregularity of the endometrium in the fundus. H: Same patient as in (F) and (G), with more distention confirming slightly in the irregular fundal endometrium. I: Hysteroscopic images of patient in (F-H), showing "heaped up" endometrium fundal area. J: Sonohysterography showing a submucosal fibroid (between cursors). K: Hysteroscopic view of patient in (J) showing submucosal fibroid. L: Sonohysterography showing double lumina of bicornuate uterus. 3D US would be helpful in distinguishing a bicornuate from a septated uterus. Note the fundal cleft. M: Sonohysterography in an infertility patient showing a fundal polyp. N, O: Transvaginal color Doppler sonogram of patient in (M) showing vascular pedicle of the polyp in long (N) and short (O) axes.
Source: TRANSVAGINAL SONOGRAPHY IN GYNECOLOGIC INFERTILITY, Sonography in Obstetrics and Gynecology: Principles & Practice, 7e
Citation: Fleischer AC, Toy EC, Lee W, Manning FA, Romero RJ. Sonography in Obstetrics and Gynecology: Principles & Practice, 7e; 2014 Available at: Accessed: December 28, 2017
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