1. Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Animated Mitosis

2. Mitosis
During mitosis, the cells’ copied genetic material separates and the cell prepares to split into two cells
This allows the cell’s genetic material to pass into the new cells
The resulting daughter cells are genetically identical!!

3. Where Do I Find DNA? Chromosomes are in the nucleus of every cell.
Chromosomes are made
up of DNA.
Genes are pieces of DNA
that contain the instructions
for building a protein.

4. Sister Chromatids & Chromosomes
Human somatic cells (any cell other than a gamete) have 23 pairs of chromosomes. – one from mom and one from dad. These are called homologous chromosomes.
Copy of chromosome from mom
or dad
Chromosome made in S phase of
Interphase

5. The Four Stages of Mitosis
Remember PMAT!
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

6. Prophase The cell’s chromatin condenses into chromosomes
The chromosomes look like an “X”
Each chromosome is made up of two identical sister chromatids attached by a centromere
This is “created” in S phase of interphase

7. Chromosome Structure
Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes.

8. Prophase Continued Nucleus disappears
Spindle fibers form in the cytoplasm
Spindle fibers attach to sister chromatids

9. Metaphase The sister chromatids are pulled to the center of the cell
They line up in the middle of the cell

10. Anaphase Spindle fibers begin to shorten
The sister chromatids are pulled to the opposite ends of the cell

11. Telophase
The sister chromatids arrive at the opposite poles of the cell and begin to unravel
New nucleus begins to form

12. Cytokinesis Cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm
Results in two separate cells with identical nuclei
In animal cells, it is accomplished by using microfilaments to “pinch” the cytoplasm
Cytokinesis in an Animal Cell

13. Cytokinesis in a Plant Cell
In plants, a cell plate forms between the two daughter nuclei

14. Real-Life Cells Dividing!
Animated Mitosis