1. Notes Ch. 6.2 Classifying the Elements
Chemistry

2. Squares in the Periodic Table
The periodic table displays symbols and the names of the elements along with information about the structure of their atoms.
In the center of the square is the symbol of carbon (C). The atomic number for sodium (6) is above the symbol. The element name and the average atomic mass are below the symbol.

3. The color of the symbol can indicate the state of the element at room temperature. Symbols for solids are usually black, symbols for gases are in red, and liquids are blue.
Symbols for elements not found in nature are green.

4. Background colors in the squares can distinguish groups of elements.
For example 2 shades of gold can be used for groups 1A and 2A. Group 1A elements are called alkali metals. Group 2A elements are called alkaline earth metals.
The nonmetals in Group 7A are called halogens. They are used to form salts.

5. Electron Configurations in Groups
Electrons are very important in determining the properties of elements. There should be a connection between an element’s electron configuration and its location in the periodic table.
Elements can be sorted into noble gases, representative elements, transition metals, or inner transition metals based on their electron configurations.

6. The Noble Gases
The noble gas elements are in Group 8A of the periodic table.
These are nonmetals that are sometimes called inert gases. They do not generally react with other elements.
The electron configuration for noble gases have full s and p sublevels.

7. The Representative Elements
The representative elements are groups 1A through 7A. They have a wide range of physical and chemical properties. Some are metals, some are nonmetals, and some are metalloids. Most are solid but there are a few gases and liquids.
They do not have full s and p sublevels of electrons. So they will react easily with other elements.

8. Transition Elements
Transition elements are the B group elements. There are 2 types of transition elements - transition metals and inner transition metals. They are classified based on their electron configurations.
Atoms of a transition metal have electrons in the d sublevel.
Inner transition metals have electrons in the f sublevel.

9. Blocks of Elements
Electron configuration corresponds to the periodic table. The s block contains the elements in Groups 1a and 2A and the noble gas helium. The p block contains the elements in Groups 3A, 4A, 5A, 6A, 7A, and 8A. The transition metals belong to the d block and the inner transition metals belong to the f block.