1. Competencies
Explains the specific ideas contained in various academic texts (CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-Ia-c-3)
2. Uses knowledge of text structure to glean the information he/she needs (CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-Ia-c-4)
3. Develop a Reading Strategies – (addendum)

2. Thinking About How You Read What are your reading strategies?

3. Metacognition: Thinking About How You Think
Before you can truly improve your reading skills, you need to understand what happens in good readers’ minds while they read. You may even do these things already. You just don’t know it…yet.

4. More About Metacognition
Good readers have developed good habits when they read. We call these habits strategies. Strategies help readers understand, connect to, and determine the importance of what they are reading. They also visualize, ask questions about, and read between the lines of what they read.

5. The Reading Strategies
There are seven reading strategies.
1. Make Connections
2. Ask Questions
3. Determine Importance
4. Infer and Predict
5. Visualize
6. Synthesize
7. Use Fix Up Strategies

6. 1. Make Connections Text to Self (similar events in your life)
Text to Text (books, movies, T.V., etc.)
Text to Life (real world events)

7. Make Connections Ask Yourself: What do I already know about this?
Has anything similar ever happened to me?
How would I feel if this happened to me?
Can I relate to the characters?
Does this story remind me of something?

8. Make Connections
CONNECT yourself to the text!
Go passed the OBVIOUS!

9. 2. Ask Questions What don’t you get? What do you get?
What words don’t you understand?
What other questions do you have?
What do you wonder about as you read?

10. Why Ask Questions?
Asking questions helps keep you focused on the text.
If your mind wanders, you will not understand. Then you will be bored.
If you run into problems, things you just don’t understand, then you can check yourself with a question.

11. 3. Determine Importance
Pick and choose which details are the most important to remember.
Think about what a teacher might ask on a test.
Think about what the author hints might be important later on.

12. Why Determine Importance?
Anything you read contains a lot of information. You cannot remember everything. By deciding what is important, you don’t have to remember everything. You can prioritize the information you need in order to understand.

13. 4. Infer and Predict Good readers are like detectives.
They use clues to determine what is happening in a story.
This is called INFERENCE!

14. Infer and Predict
Good readers also make educated guesses about what may happen later in the story.
They use the author’s hints to PREDICT what will most likely occur.

15. Infer and Predict Ask Yourself:
What isn’t stated that I have figured out?
What do I predict will happen?
Why do I think so?

16. Infer and Predict
REMEMBER:
KNOWLEDGE + TEXT = INFERENCE

17. 5. Visualize
Picture in your mind the images the author creates with his/her words.
Pay close attention to sensory details. For example, if you were there, what would you SEE, HEAR, SMELL, TASTE, TOUCH, FEEL?

18. Why Visualize?
If you don’t picture the events of the story, you will get bored.
The author’s job is to paint pictures in the reader’s mind. The reader’s job is to visualize what the author describes.
Why not?

19. 6. Synthesize
Synthesize is a fancy way of saying that you must bring everything together in the end. In other words, what is the meaning of what you are reading?

20. Synthesize Ask Yourself: What does it all mean? What’s the big idea?
Are there questions still left unanswered?
What are the lessons I should learn?
What do I think about this book?

21. 7. Use Fix Up Strategies
Make sure you are understanding what you are reading. When you run into trouble, (you just don’t get it), use little correction strategies to help you figure out what went wrong. We call these methods FIX UP STRATEGIES.

22. Use Fix Up Strategies Here are some examples of Fix Up Strategies:
Re-read
Underline
Use a Dictionary
Read Aloud
Ask for Help

23. Why Use Strategies?
Strategies create a plan of attack. Then you can solve any reading problems yourself.
Strategies help you learn HOW to understand. If you know HOW to understand, then you are more likely TO understand.
Strategies help you realize HOW you are thinking so that you can think more deeply and more consciously.

24. Question? Why Use Strategies?

25. Application Test on Inference and Visualization

26. The Retiring Carpenter Story
One more short story to refresh....
A giant ship engine failed. The ship’s owner tried one expert after another, but
none of them could figure out how to fix the engine. Then they brought in an
old man who had been fixing ships since he was a young boy. He carried a
large bag of tools with him, and when he arrived, he immediately went to
work. He inspected the engine very carefully, from the top to the bottom.
Two of the ship’s owners were present there,watching this man, hoping he would know what to do. After looking things over, the old man reached into his bag and pulled out a small hammer. He gently tapped at something.Instantly, the engine lurched into life. He carefully put his hammer away. The engine was
fixed!
A week later, the owners received a bill from the old man for the ten thousand
dollars. “What?!” the owners exclaimed, “He hardly did anything!” So they
wrote the old man a note saying, “Please send us an itemized bill.”
The man sent a bill that read:
Tapping with a hammer………………$ 2.00
Knowing where to tap…………………$
MORAL OF THE STORY:Effort is important in life, but understanding of your product and job in applying where to put effort makes all the difference.
Story 1:
The Retiring Carpenter Story
An elderly carpenter was ready to retire. He told his employer-contractor of his plans to leave the house building business and live a more leisurely life with his wife enjoying his extended family. He would miss the paycheck, but he needed to retire. He would get by.

27. The contractor was sorry to see his good worker go and asked if he could build just one more house as a personal favor. The carpenter said yes, but in time it was easy to see that his heart was not in his work. He resorted to shoddy workmanship and used inferior materials. It was an unfortunate way to end a dedicated career.

28. Can you predict what will happen next
Can you predict what will happen next? Visualize and make the conclusion of the story?

29. When the carpenter finished his work, the employer came to inspect the house. He handed the front door key to the carpenter. “This is your house,” he said, “my gift to you.” The carpenter was shocked! What a shame! If he had only known he was building his own house, he would have done it all so differently.

30. STORY 2: PAY THE BILL
A giant ship engine failed. The ship’s owner tried one expert after another, but none of them could figure out how to fix the engine. Then they brought in an old man who had been fixing ships since he was a young boy. He carried a large bag of tools with him, and when he arrived, he immediately went to work. He inspected the engine very carefully, from the top to the bottom.

31. Two of the ship’s owners were present there, watching this man, hoping he would know what to do. After looking things over, the old man reached into his bag and pulled out a small hammer. He gently tapped at something. Instantly, the engine lurched into life. He carefully put his hammer away. The engine was fixed!

32. Can you predict what happened next
Can you predict what happened next? Visualize and make the conclusion of the story?

33. A week later, the owners received a bill from the old man for the ten thousand dollars. “What?!” the owners exclaimed, “He hardly did anything!” So they wrote the old man a note saying, “Please send us an itemized bill.” The man sent a bill that read: Tapping with a hammer………………$ Knowing where to tap…………………$

34. STORY 3: THE GATE OF HEAVEN
The world was ended with a great catastrophy as predicted by the book in Principles of Geology. As all professions in the world went up to heaven they were advised to line up according to their chosen profession and nature of work. St. Peter, the gatekeeper of the gate of heaven asks, “Who among you here deserve to enter first in the gate of heaven?” All raised their hands and eager to enter first the gate. As St. Peter was confused, he placed a challenge to all.

35. Can you guess what will happen next?

36. St. Peter put up a challenge that whenever will convince him that their job while they were on earth was really functional, meaningful and dedicated to changing the lives of others, shall be given the privilege to enter first in the kingdom of heaven

37. Can you guess what will happen next
Can you guess what will happen next? What profession would you think would rise up to the challenge and be given the rightful prize?

38. Here comes the Engineer and said, “I should be given the privilege to enter the gate of heaven for I have built bridges that connects people and skyscrapers that all professionals can work.” The Doctor then appeared and said, “I cured sick people. I dedicated my life of saving the poor.” The Lawyer interrupted and said, “I should be given the prize for I have defended the oppressed and abused.” Here comes the Priest, “I speak the word of God.” Then the Accountant, “I made sure to audit the money,” The Military man said, “I was willing to die for the country.” Then the Teacher humbly inserted and raise hand confidently…

39. Can you guess what will happen next
Can you guess what will happen next? What did the teacher say and who was given the rightful honor to enter the gate of heaven?

40. The teacher with a loud and confident voice said, “All professions here are meaningless without us teachers and I am proud to say, I made them all.” Everyone bowed down in respect of the teacher and the teacher was given the key to enter first to the kingdom of heaven.