1. US History Chapter 7 Section 4
Wilson and the Mexican Revolution
Benito Juarez
Porfirio Diaz
Francisco Madero
Victoriano Huerta

2. Main Idea
America’s intervention in Mexico’s revolution caused strained relations between the two neighbors

3. Reading Focus
How did the Diaz dictatorship spark a revolution in Mexico?
How and Why did the United States intervene into the Mexican Revolution?
How did the Mexican revolution conclude?

4. United States and Mexico
After Mexico gained independence from Spain, the country endured a turbulent time with different leadership
Different reforms implemented did not affect all people of Mexico
United States supported Mexico economically because of resources
Veracruz

5. Mexican Revolution (After death of Juarez)
Maintained law and order
Modernized Mexican economy
1910 election-Jailed opponent (Madero)
Madero fled to US and called for revolt against Diaz
Porfolio Diaz in Power
Francisco “Pancho” Villa
Led Rebel revolt who supported Madero’s idea
Captured Juarez City in 1911
Emiliano Zapata
Led peasant revolt
Called for land reforms
Revolutionaries
Diaz forced to resign
1911-Francisco Madero President

6. Mexican Violence 1911 Francisco Madero in power Emiliano Zapata
Army Chief Victoriano Huerta seizes power
Jails Madero
1911 Francisco Madero in power
Emiliano Zapata
Led peasant revolt against Huerta in the South
Francisco “Pancho” Villa
Led Rebel revolt against Huerta in the North
Revolutionaries
1914- Huerta flees to Spain
US Marines Sent to Vera Cruz, Mexico to assist
Venustiano Carranzo New President

7. U.S. Intervention
President Wilson did not view Huerta as a legitimate President in Mexico and actually authorized arms sales to revolutionaries
April 9, Tampico Incident – American Sailors arrested by Huerta followers but quickly released
> Despite apology, Mexico ordered to render 21 gun salute to US flag
> President asks for congress to use military force in Mexico
Veracruz- While waiting for Congress to act, Wilson learns German ship (carrying weapons) heading for Vera Cruz port in Mexico
> Results in Wilson ordering Navy to seize city
> April 21-24, 1914-Battle of Vera Cruz-
17 US Marines KIA
Mexicans KIA
US military remained in Mexico until November

8. Carranza as President
Declared himself President but met resistance from Zapata and Villa
Another civil war erupted but Carranza had defeated his rivals (recognized by Woodrow Wilson as President)
Villa resented this fact and led attacks into United States and killed civilians in New Mexico
(Attacks halted in 1920)
1917- New Mexican constitution developed:
> Redistribution of Land
> Limits power of church
> Protection of citizen rights
That’s a problem
Gen John Pershing chased Pancho Villa for over a year

9. The man shown on the left
is Pancho Villa. The man on
the right is General John J.
Pershing.
Why does Pershing look angry?
Why is Pancho Villa smiling?