1. main idea in fiction, research paper outline, conciseness
Day 24- Foundations/ English I
main idea in fiction, research paper outline, conciseness

2. Objectives
1. Demonstrate an understanding of informational text elements present fiction via annotation. 2. Identify and understand the main idea present in fiction. Homework: Vocabulary 6B quiz Outline due Thursday into turnitin.com- bring your sources to work on in class

3. Warm up: How might you correct or improve the following sentences?
1. In our company there are wide-open opportunities for professional growth with a company that enjoys an enviable record for stability in the dynamic atmosphere of aerospace technology.
2. Some people believe in capital punishment, while other people are against it; there are many opinions on this subject.
Activity: The facilitator may have students define the problem with the initial sentence--that the “scientists” are the “process that still needs to be refined.” This sentence is best corrected by changing the dangling phrase to a modifying phrase referring to “chemotherapy treatment” at the end of the sentence.
Click mouse to reveal corrected version.

4. Vocabulary 6B Get a computer No talking Eyes on your own computer
When you are finished the quiz begin 7A flashcards.

5. Wordiness Get a worksheet. Complete the worksheet with your partner.
Eliminate extra words and phrases.
Combine phrases to be clear.

6. 1. Many local farmers plan to attend next Friday's meeting.
2. Although Bradley Hall is regularly populated by students, close study of the building as a structure is seldom undertaken by them.
3. He dropped out of school on account of the fact that it was necessary for him to help support his family.
4. It is expected that the new schedule will be announced by the bus company within the next few days.
5. There are many ways in which a student who is interested in meeting foreign students may come to know one.

7. 6. It is very unusual to find someone who has never told a deliberate lie on purpose.
7. Trouble is caused when people disobey rules that have been established for the safety of all.
8. A campus rally was attended by more than a thousand students. Five students were arrested by campus police for disorderly conduct, while several others are charged by campus administrators with organizing a public meeting without being issued a permit to do so.
9. The subjects that are considered most important by students are those that have been shown to be useful to them after graduation.
10. In the not too distant future, college freshmen must all become aware of the fact that there is a need for them to make contact with an academic adviser concerning the matter of a major.

8. How to Make a Sandwich
Get into your four person groups and spread out.
You don’t want to be anywhere near the other groups.
You will need 1 piece of paper.
I will hand an index card to each group.

10. Guessing Time
Send one member per group to grab the white boards and a dry-erase marker.
Each group will present their 10-step guide.
While a group is presenting, the other groups must draw their sandwich as it is described.
When finished drawing, write the emotion used in the 10 step guide below your masterpiece.

14. Types of Tone
The tone of a piece of literature may vary but common tones are:
Formal 7. Cheerful
Informal Or any other attitude
Serious
Comic
Sarcastic
Sad

15. Tone cont.
The tone of a piece of work can determine its true nature the true feelings of the author with respect to the message.
If the tone is sarcastic, the author is wishing to convey the absurdity of a situation/message.
Ex: Upon hearing his [Dan] car was stolen.
Carl: “How has your day gone?”
Dan: “It has been great!”

16. Diction- Word Choice Controls Tone
* Words have negative, positive, or neutral effects.
* Words can be colloquial, informal, formal, or old fashioned.
* Words have denotative and connotative meaning.
Words are euphonious or cacaphonous.
House
home, hut, shack, mansion, cabin, chalet, abode, dwelling, shanty, residence, crib
Fat
obese, plump, corpulent, portly, roly-poly, stout, rotund, burly, full-figured, heavy set, fleshy, over-weight, bulky, pudgy, fluffy
Unmarried Woman
spinster, old maid, bachelorette, maiden lady, career woman, widow, divorcee

17. Tone sheet
Take a tone sheet that will contain a list of tone words. Use these in your analysis of literature to glean the attitude of the author. Keep this in your notebook.

18. Establishing Tone Through Diction and Imagery
Passage fromEdgar A. Poe's "The Fall of the House of Usher"
During the whole of a dull, dark, and soundless day in the autumn of the year, when the clouds hung oppressively low in the heavens, I had been passing alone, on horseback, through a singularly dreary tract of country. At length I found myself, as the shades of evening drew on, within view of the melancholy House of Usher...I reined my horse to the precipitous brink of a black and lurid tarn that lay in unruffled luster by the dwelling...[with] vacant and eye-like windows.
What words and images contribute to the narrator's attitude about the House of Usher?
What word would describe the tone of this passage?

19. Group practice
As a class, Read “A Loud Sneer For Our Feathered Friends.” How does the author establish the negative attitude the campers have toward Camp Hi-Wah? What words does the author use to convey the negative attitude? How would you change this message to convey an attitude of love toward the camp?

20. Establishing Tone Through Use of Details
Passage from Ruth McKenney's "A Loud Sneer For Our Feathered Friends"
We refused to get out of the bed when the bugle blew in the morning, we fought against scrubbing our teeth in public to music, we sneered when the flag was ceremoniously lowered at sunset, we avoided doing a good deed a day, we complained loudly about the food...and we bought some chalk and wrote all over the Recreation Cabin "We hate Camp Hi-Wah."
How does the author establish the negative attitude the campers have toward Camp Hi-Wah?
Does sentence structure also contribute to the tone?

21. Establishing Tone Through Sentence Structure
Passage from James Ramsey Ullman's Kilimanjaro
It has been called the House of God. It has been called the High One. The Cold One. The White One. On close acquaintance by climbers, it has been called a variety of names rather less printable. But to the world at large it is Kilimanjaro, the apex of Africa and one of the great mountains on the earth.
What is the author's attitude toward Kilimanjaro?
How does the sentence structure help establish this tone?

22. The Research Paper

23. Example of an Elevated Thesis
The lack of clean drinking water is a social injustice because _____________________________, and WaterAid works to address this issue by _______________________________.
The lack of clean drinking water is a social injustice because it gravely impacts the health of individuals who drink contaminated water, and WaterAid works to address this issue by building wells in areas where clean water is not available.

24. I. Intro A. Hook B. Ladder C. Thesis:
The lack of clean drinking water is a social injustice because it gravely impacts the health of individuals who drink contaminated water, and WaterAid works to address this issue by building wells in areas where clean water is not available.

25. II. Body Paragraph- Social Injustice
Topic Sentence (The lack of clean drinking water gravely impacts the health of those who drink contaminated water.)
B. Fact/Background Info/Comment
1. Quote with citation
2. Explanation/Elaboration of Quote
C. Fact/Background Info/Comment
D. Concluding Sentence- Genralization/Synthesis/Inference

26. III. Body Paragraph- Person/Group/Organization
A. Topic Sentence (WaterAid works to address this issue by building wells in areas where clean water is not available.)
B. Fact/Background Info/Comment
1. Quote with citation
2. Explanation/Elaboration of Quote
C. Fact/Background Info/Comment
D. Concluding Sentence-- Genralization/Synthesis/Inference

27. IV. Conclusion A. Concluding thoughts B. Restated thesis
C. Call-to-Action/If-Then Statement/Solution

28. Closure
List three things you learned about tone today. Describe two of the steps needed to find tone. Compose one question you still have regarding tone in nonfiction.