1. Preparatory Lecture
Vo2 max and LIP testing

2. Today General comments and instructions Group time to make decisions
Information
Procedure
Results
Questions
Discussion
Group time to make decisions

3. General comments What are your impressions of the labs so far?
Aim of labs- apply theory to practice
Use of voice- how (projection, tone etc) and what you say
Explanations- make clear
Instructions- Be direct
Participants- identify beforehand, ensure ready
Rest of the class- must be actively involved

4. Report Needs to be submitted before you start presenting
Should be more detailed than powerpoint
Needs in text referencing
Details in lab manual

5. Your lab 2 participants will complete LIP testing
May be male/female; elite/non-elite
Increased intensity every 5 minutes
Record Speed (intensity), HR, PRE, Lactate every 5 minutes
Then increase intensity by 0.5 km/hr (Incremental exercise)
Decisions in blue

6. Information Explain things differently!!!
Lactate Inflexion point
Determinants of LIP
Relationship between LIP/Vo2 max
Gender differences in LIP
Gender differences Vo2 max
Elite/ Non Elite differences – Chronic adaptations

7. LIP
Point where lactate accumulation increases exponentially due to increased exercise intensity
In early stages of incremental testing, when workload is relatively easy, body is generating ATP aerobically
As gets harder- needs higher and higher contribution from anaerobic glycolysis Lactate generated
If lactate production exceeds removal, it accumulates
Therefore indicates endurance capabilities as elite athletes will be able to cater for ATP demands for a longer period of time by aerobic means
Because have increased Cardiac output, RBC capacity to carry oxygen and extract it from the bloodstream. etc

8. Determinants of LIP
All things affected by oxygen delivery, uptake; lactate dissipation; and acid buffering
HR, SV, Diffusion of oxygen, number RBC, bicarbonate levels
Gender- more details later
Age- children can’t use glycolytic system as efficiently (reduced phosphofructokinase) but relative LIP is similar to equally trained adults (Wilmore, Costill, & Kenney, 2008, p 392)
Training- trained athletes have higher LIP relative to Vo2 max (LIP occurs at higher intensity of exercise

9. Relationship between LIP/Vo2 max
Expressed in relative terms
LIP is normally expressed as a percentage of an individual’s Vo2 max
Lip reflects maximum capacity of aerobic system

10. Gender differences in LIP
LIP similar in equally trained men and women if expressed relative to Vo2 max
(Wilmore, Costill, & Kenney, 2008, p 430)

11. Elite/ Non Elite differences
Chronic adaptations to training
Blood lactate tolerance (LIP) adapts faster than Vo2 max (Denis et al., 1984 Cited by Bourdon, 2000)
By training at or just above LIP, can increase the intensity at which it occurs.

12. Preparation Participants Decide- gender/trained/same Clothing Fluids
Food, alcohol, tobacco, caffeine
Avoid strenuous exercise immediately before
Sleep
Decide- gender/trained/same

13. Assistants
This is a strenuous test- consider participant interest and wellbeing
Warm up- calculate 20% HR and warm up on treadmill
Water boy/girl
Someone to obtain step /beep test Vo2 max information
Timer- stopwatch
Speed Setter- calculate and increase during test
Heart rate monitor monitor- fit and record
Recorder- anecdotal comments
Lactate measurement (2 people)
Enter results into computer
Cool down
Decide- How will you designate assistants?- make it direct and interesting

14. Procedure Treadmill at 3% incline
5 min warm up on treadmill at a low speed (~6 km/hr)  20% Vo2 max HR
Subject straddles treadmill
Take lactate, PRE, HR
Increase speed by 0.5km/hr
Continue for 5 minutes
Etc until:
30 minutes
Subject wishes to stop
Subject in danger of severe fatigue/fainting
Lactate >

15. Equipment 2 treadmills Heart rate monitor Stopwatches calculators
Lactate- only one machine
DVD/TV/Music
Due to only one lactate measurement, will have to either stagger the start of the participants, or do one at a time

16. Results
Results table
Will be available on my computer  WebCT

17. Discussion
Overview- what happened today???
What was found?

18. Questions 1- Graph results- two x –axes
2- What did you notice? Observations
3- What is lactate inflexion point?
4- %vo2 max calculation and reasons for differences
Non-athletes 50-60% Vo2 max, trained athletes 70-80% max
Gender- genetic
Trained- chronic adaptations
5- as coach- use to inform training practice- HR at which they are training aerobically/ anaerobically

19. Fox and Haskell