Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
1
Unit 1—Introductory Materials
Krugman Sections 1 and 2 Modules 1-3 2 weeks
2
Economics is the study of _______.
What is Economics? Economics is the science of scarcity. Scarcity unlimited wants but limited resources. Since we are unable to have everything we desire, we must make choices on how we will use our resources. Economics is the study of _______. choices In economics we will study the choices of individuals, firms, and governments.
3
(Study of how individuals and societies deal with ________)
Examples: You must choose between buying jeans or buying shoes. Businesses must choose how many people to hire Governments must choose how much to spend on education. Textbook Definition Economics- Social science concerned with the efficient use of scarce resources to achieve maximum satisfaction of economic wants. (Study of how individuals and societies deal with ________) scarcity
4
Resources are Scarce
5
Trade Offs & Opportunity Cost
Due to scarcity, there are always trade-offs when decisions are made = choices The cost of any good, service or activity is the value of what must be given up to obtain it = opportunity cost
6
Micro vs. Macro MICROeconomics- MACROeconomics-
Study of small economic units such as individuals, firms, and industries (ex: supply and demand in specific markets, production costs, labor markets, etc.) MACROeconomics- Study of the large economy as a whole or economic aggregates (ex: economic growth, government spending, inflation, unemployment, international trade etc.)
7
Positive & Normative Economics
Positive = FACTS describes the economy as it actually is, avoiding value judgments and attempting to establish scientific statements and economic behavior Normative = OPINION involves value judgments about what the economy should be like --loaded terminology --biases—preconceptions that are not based on facts
8
Micro or Macro? The unemployment rate in the US was 4% in 2002.
Kraft Inc. laid off 3,000 workers last month. The Consumer Price Index rose by 5%. Aggregate demand was larger than aggregate supply creating a shortage. The Dow Jones Industrial Average dropped 10 points today.
9
Positive or Normative? It was too cold in Duez’s classroom today.
The temperature is currently 98 degrees. The fat cats at Exxon are making all kinds of money while gas prices go up. The CEO of Exxon received a 25 million dollar bonus. Higher interest rates reduce the amount of money borrowed. I will not borrow money at 10% interest—that is just too high for me.
10
5 Key Economic Assumptions
Society has unlimited wants and limited resources (scarcity). Due to scarcity, choices must be made. Every choice has a cost (trade-offs & opportunity costs). Everyone’s goal is to make choices that maximize their satisfaction. Everyone acts in their own “self-interest.” Everyone makes decisions by comparing the marginal costs and marginal benefits of every choice. Real-life situations can be explained and analyzed through graphs. 10
11
11 Copyright ACDC Leadership 2015
12
12 Copyright ACDC Leadership 2015
13
Copyright ACDC Leadership 2015
14
Review with your neighbor…
Define scarcity Define Economics Identify the relationship between scarcity and choices Explain how Macroeconomics is different than Micro Explain the difference between positive and normative economics Identify the 5 main assumptions of Economics Name 10 Disney movies
15
Analyzing Choices
16
Economics of College Copyright ACDC Leadership 2015
17
2008 Audit Exam
18
Economic Methodology Scientific method Theoretical economics
Terminology Generalizations Ceteris paribus --“other things equal” (one thing at a time) Graphs
19
Economic Terminology Utility = Satisfaction! Marginal = Additional!
Allocate = Distribute!
20
Efficiency Full production implies two types of efficiency
ALLOCATIVE efficiency means that resources are used for producing the combination of goods and services most wanted by society what society wants PRODUCTIVE efficiency means that least costly production techniques are used to produce wanted goods and services producing with little waste
21
What’s the price? vs. How much does that cost?
Price vs. Cost What’s the price? vs. How much does that cost? Price = Amount buyer (or consumer) pays Cost = Amount seller pays to produce a good Investment Investment = the money spent by BUSINESSES to improve their production Ex: $1 Million new factory
22
**4 Factors of Production
1. land Must be natural & limited
23
2. Capital Must be used for production
24
3. labor The work force (human capital)
25
4. Entrepreneurs Risk takers in search of a new business
26
Phil Knight Nike Mark Cuban Broadcast.com Pierre Omidyar Ebay Chris DeWolfe & Tom Anderson My Space Mark Zuckerburg Facebook Warren Buffett--Berkshire Hathaway Sean Combs Bad Boy Records
27
Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a worldwide evaluation of 15-year-old school children's scholastic performance Copyright ACDC Leadership 2015
Similar presentations
© 2025 SlidePlayer.com. Inc.
All rights reserved.