1. Unit Two: Chapter 10 • blasphemy • incite • enmity • languish
• erroneous • peruse
• garner • recluse
• heretic • renounce
Page 52 in textbook.

2. TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 1 blasphemy – noun Blasphemy means
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
1 blasphemy
– noun
• Some of the world’s greatest thinkers, such as Copernicus, have been accused of blasphemy because their ideas challenged the teachings of the Church.
• The Smiths have lived so long in Boston and think it is such a wonderful city that they feel it’s almost blasphemy to consider living anywhere else.
Blasphemy means
A. physical violence.
B. an insult to something holy.
C. daydreaming.
Page 52 in textbook.
Answer: B
The next slide explains the answer.

3. TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 1 blasphemy – noun Blasphemy means
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
1 blasphemy
– noun
• Some of the world’s greatest thinkers, such as Copernicus, have been accused of blasphemy because their ideas challenged the teachings of the Church.
• The Smiths have lived so long in Boston and think it is such a wonderful city that they feel it’s almost blasphemy to consider living anywhere else.
Blasphemy means
A. physical violence.
B. an insult to something holy.
C. daydreaming.
Page 52 in textbook.
People who believe that the Church’s teachings are divinely inspired might consider an idea that challenges those teachings to be an insult to something holy. The Smiths think Boston is so wonderful that the idea of living elsewhere seems an insult to something—their city—they regard as almost holy.

4. TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 2 enmity – noun Enmity means A. admiration.
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
2 enmity
– noun
• After their divorce, Han tried not to feel enmity toward his ex-wife. He knew that anger and bitterness would be bad for their children.
• Lila seems to feel real enmity toward her boss; she criticizes everything he says or does.
Enmity means
A. admiration.
B. affection.
C. hostility.
Page 52 in textbook.
Answer: C
The next slide explains the answer.

5. TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 2 enmity – noun Enmity means A. admiration.
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
2 enmity
– noun
• After their divorce, Han tried not to feel enmity toward his ex-wife. He knew that anger and bitterness would be bad for their children.
• Lila seems to feel real enmity toward her boss; she criticizes everything he says or does.
Enmity means
A. admiration.
B. affection.
C. hostility.
Page 52 in textbook.
Anger and bitterness are signs of hostility. Constant criticism is a sign of hostility.

6. TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 3 erroneous – adjective Erroneous means
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
3 erroneous
– adjective
• Many first-graders have the erroneous idea that their teacher lives at the school.
• Because the newspaper had printed an erroneous date and time for the community meeting, few people showed up when it actually took place.
Erroneous means
A. error-free.
B. wrong.
C. original.
Page 52 in textbook.
Answer: B
The next slide explains the answer.

7. TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 3 erroneous – adjective Erroneous means
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
3 erroneous
– adjective
• Many first-graders have the erroneous idea that their teacher lives at the school.
• Because the newspaper had printed an erroneous date and time for the community meeting, few people showed up when it actually took place.
Erroneous means
A. error-free.
B. wrong.
C. original.
Page 52 in textbook.
Many first-graders have the wrong idea about where their teachers live. Since the wrong time and date were announced in the newspaper, people didn’t know when to show up for the meeting.

8. TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 4 garner – verb Garner means A. to gather.
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
4 garner
– verb
• Once a year, the company president sends around a questionnaire to garner ideas from the employees about how to improve workplace conditions.
• Although Avatar did not win any major Academy Awards in 2010, it garnered praise from environmentalists everywhere for its themes of a world in balance and the connections among all living things.
Garner means
A. to gather.
B. to distribute.
C. to reject.
Page 52 in textbook.
Answer: A
The next slide explains the answer.
Photo: FBI

9. TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 4 garner – verb Garner means A. to gather.
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
4 garner
– verb
• Once a year, the company president sends around a questionnaire to garner ideas from the employees about how to improve workplace conditions.
• Although Avatar did not win any major Academy Awards in 2010, it garnered praise from environmentalists everywhere for its themes of a world in balance and the connections among all living things.
Garner means
A. to gather.
B. to distribute.
C. to reject.
Page 52 in textbook.
Questionnaires are used to gather information from those surveyed. Avatar‘s failure to win awards from the film industry is contrasted with its ability to gather praise from environmentalists.
Photo: FBI

10. TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 5 heretic – noun Heretic means A. a conservative.
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
5 heretic
– noun
• Martin Luther was originally a Catholic priest, but when he began to disagree with the Church’s teachings, he was labeled a heretic and left the priesthood.
• People who believed that the world was round, not flat, were once considered lunatics or heretics.
Heretic means
A. a conservative.
B. a rebel.
C. a genius.
Page 52 in textbook.
Answer: B
The next slide explains the answer.
Photo: Wolfgang Sauber; painting: Johann Michael Rottmayr (18th century)

11. TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 5 heretic – noun Heretic means A. a conservative.
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
5 heretic
– noun
• Martin Luther was originally a Catholic priest, but when he began to disagree with the Church’s teachings, he was labeled a heretic and left the priesthood.
• People who believed that the world was round, not flat, were once considered lunatics or heretics.
Heretic means
A. a conservative.
B. a rebel.
C. a genius.
Page 52 in textbook.
Photo: Wolfgang Sauber; painting: Johann Michael Rottmayr (18th century)
Someone might be called a rebel if he or she disagreed with widely held beliefs and practices—either religious (in the first item) or scientific (in the second).

12. TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 6 incite – verb Incite means A. to prevent.
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
6 incite
– verb
• The smell of blood in the water can incite sharks to attack.
• No one knows what incited the usually gentle dog to bite the mail carrier.
Incite means
A. to prevent.
B. to urge on.
C. to forbid.
Page 52 in textbook.
Answer: B
The next slide explains the answer.
Photo: Library of Congress

13. TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 6 incite – verb Incite means A. to prevent.
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
6 incite
– verb
• The smell of blood in the water can incite sharks to attack.
• No one knows what incited the usually gentle dog to bite the mail carrier.
Incite means
A. to prevent.
B. to urge on.
C. to forbid.
Page 52 in textbook.
Since blood signals a possible food source, its smell is likely to urge on hungry sharks to kill their prey. Since the dog was gentle, something unusual must have occurred to urge on the dog to respond by biting.
Photo: Library of Congress

14. TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 7 languish – verb Languish means A. to thrive.
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
7 languish
– verb
• Children who languish in institutions, such as orphanages, often improve dramatically when they are adopted into loving homes.
• Some people languish in the summer heat, but others love the hot weather and feel full of energy and strength.
Languish means
A. to thrive.
B. to misunderstand.
C. to do poorly.
Page 53 in textbook.
Answer: C
The next slide explains the answer.

15. TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 7 languish – verb Languish means A. to thrive.
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
7 languish
– verb
• Children who languish in institutions, such as orphanages, often improve dramatically when they are adopted into loving homes.
• Some people languish in the summer heat, but others love the hot weather and feel full of energy and strength.
Languish means
A. to thrive.
B. to misunderstand.
C. to do poorly.
Page 53 in textbook.
Children who improve dramatically after their adoption into loving homes are contrasted with those who do poorly in impersonal institutions. People who are full of energy and strength during hot weather are contrasted with those who do poorly in the summer heat.

16. TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 8 peruse – verb Peruse means A. to inspect.
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
8 peruse
– verb
• When the list of people killed in the plane crash was posted, the passengers’ anxious relatives perused it fearfully.
• To peruse a train timetable, with its tiny type and tinier footnotes, you need good eyesight and plenty of patience.
Peruse means
A. to inspect.
B. to glance at.
C. to explain.
Page 53 in textbook.
Answer: A
The next slide explains the answer.
Photo: Booksworm

17. TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 8 peruse – verb Peruse means A. to inspect.
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
8 peruse
– verb
• When the list of people killed in the plane crash was posted, the passengers’ anxious relatives perused it fearfully.
• To peruse a train timetable, with its tiny type and tinier footnotes, you need good eyesight and plenty of patience.
Peruse means
A. to inspect.
B. to glance at.
C. to explain.
Page 53 in textbook.
Relatives, fearing the worst, would be anxious to inspect the list to see if their loved ones had been killed. People need good eyesight to inspect material printed in tiny type.
Photo: Booksworm

18. TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 9 recluse – noun Recluse means A. a hermit.
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
9 recluse
– noun
• Local old-timers tell stories about Wild Man Bill, a recluse who lived in a cave and came into town only once a year to buy supplies.
• While she was suffering from depression, Linda became a recluse, rarely leaving her home and not wanting to see even her closest friends.
Recluse means
A. a hermit.
B. a popular person.
C. a busy person.
Page 53 in textbook.
Answer: A
The next slide explains the answer.

19. TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 9 recluse – noun Recluse means A. a hermit.
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
9 recluse
– noun
• Local old-timers tell stories about Wild Man Bill, a recluse who lived in a cave and came into town only once a year to buy supplies.
• While she was suffering from depression, Linda became a recluse, rarely leaving her home and not wanting to see even her closest friends.
Recluse means
A. a hermit.
B. a popular person.
C. a busy person.
Page 53 in textbook.
If Wild Man Bill saw other people only once a year, he must have been a hermit. During the time that Linda avoided leaving her home and seeing other people, she lived as a hermit.

20. TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 10 renounce – verb Renounce means A. to announce.
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
10 renounce
– verb
• Great-Uncle Abe was a member of the Communist Party when he was a young man, but he soon decided to renounce communism and become a Republican.
• Edward VIII was briefly king of England, but he renounced his throne in 1936 in order to marry Wallis Simpson, a divorced commoner.
Renounce means
A. to announce.
B. to remember.
C. to give up.
Page 53 in textbook.
Answer: C
The next slide explains the answer.

21. TEN WORDS IN CONTEXT 10 renounce – verb Renounce means A. to announce.
Choose the meaning closest to that of the boldfaced word.
10 renounce
– verb
• Great-Uncle Abe was a member of the Communist Party when he was a young man, but he soon decided to renounce communism and become a Republican.
• Edward VIII was briefly king of England, but he renounced his throne in 1936 in order to marry Wallis Simpson, a divorced commoner.
Renounce means
A. to announce.
B. to remember.
C. to give up.
Page 53 in textbook.
Great-Uncle Abe decided to give up his membership in one political party when he joined another party. Edward VIII reigned only briefly because he decided to give up the title of king in order to marry the woman he loved.