1. Chapter 10 The Peritoneum
SPLANCHNOLOGY
Chapter 10 The Peritoneum
General description
Relationship between the abdominopelvic viscera and peritoneum
Structures formed by the peritoneum
Subdivision of the peritoneal cavity

2. General description peritoneal cavity
The peritoneum lines the wall of abdominal and pelvic cavities, and covers the abdominal and pelvic viscera. It is composed of a single layer of mesothelium supported by a thin layer of connective tissue termed the serous membrane
parietal peritoneum
The peritoneum lining the wall of abdominal and pelvic cavities is parietal peritoneum 。
visceral peritoneum
covering the viscera
peritoneal cavity
The potential space between the parietal and visceral peritonea is the peritoneal cavity

3. Relationship between the abdominopelvic viscera and peritoneum
Intraperitoneal organs
almost completely surrounds with peritoneum
the stomach, superior part of duodenum, jejunum, cecum, vermiform appendix, transverse colon, sigmoid colon, spleen, ovary, uterine tube
Interperitoneal organs
covered by peritoneum on their three aspects
the liver, gallbladder, urinary bladder, uterus, upper part of the rectum, ascending and descending colon.
Retroperitoneal organs
Only the anterior part of these organs is covered by the peritoneum
the kidneys, suprarenal glands, ureters, major part of duodenum, pancreas (except for its tail), and lower part of the rectum

4. Structures formed by the peritoneum
Omenta The omentum is double-layered extension or fold of peritoneum that connects the greater curvature or lesser curvature of the stomach
Lesser omentum
hepatogastric ligament
hepatoduodenal ligament
right anterior :the bile duct
left anterior : the proper hepatic artery
posterior:hepatic portal vein

5. Greater omentum
gastrocolic ligament ⑴

6. Omental bursa and omental foramen
omental bursa （lesser peritoneal cavity ）
There is a potential, narrow space between the lesser omentum, the posterior wall of the stomach and the posterior wall of the abdomen
anterior wall the lesser omentum, the posterior wall of the stomach and the gastrocolic ligament
posterior wall the peritoneum covering the pancreas, the left kidney and suprarenal gland
superior wall the inferior surface of the caudate lobe of the liver and the peritoneum covering diaphragm
inferior wall the transverse mesocolon and the site that the anterior and posterior layers of the greater omentum fuse
the left the spleen, the gastrosplenic and splenorenal ligament .
the right the omental bursa communicates with the greater sac through the omental foramen.

7. omental foramen (foramen of Winslow)
is located posterior to the hepatoduodenal ligament (free edge of lesser omentum),
upper bound The caudate lobe of the liver
lower bound The superior part of the duodenum
prozone the hepatoduodenal ligament
Post bound The inferior vena cava

8. Mesenteries
mesentery
mesoappendix
transverse mesocolon
sigmoid mesocolon

9. Ligaments Ligaments of the liver falciform ligament
ligamentun teres hepatis
coronary ligament
right and left triangular ligaments

10. Ligaments of the spleen
gastrosplenic ligament
splenorenal ligament
phrenicosplenic ligament

11. Ligaments of the stomach
Hepatogastric ligament gastrosplenic ligament gastrocolic ligament gastrophrenic ligament
phrenicocolic ligament

12. Folds, peritoneal recesses, and pouches
Folds and peritoneal recesses of posterior abdominal wall
the superior duodenal fold
superior and inferior duodenal recesses
retrocecal recesses
intersigmoid recess

13. Folds and peritoneal fossae of anterior abdominal wall
median umbilical fold ⑴
medial umbilical folds ⑵
lateral umbilical folds ⑶
supravesical fossa⑷
medial inguinal fossa (superficial inguinal ring ) ⑸
lateral inguinal fossa (deep inguinal ring ） ⑹
rectus abdominis ⑴
parietal peritoneum ⑶ ⑵ ⑹ ⑸ ⑷
urinary bladder

14. Male ：rectovesical pouch ⑴
Pouches
Male ：rectovesical pouch ⑴
Female: the rectouterine pouch (Douglas pouch) ⑵
the vesicouterine pouch ⑶ ⑵ ⑴ ⑶

15. Subdivision of the peritoneal cavity
subphrenic space
The peritoneal cavity is divided into the supracolic and infracolic compartments by the transverse colon and transverse mesocolon
Suprahepatic space
left anterior suprahepatic spaces
left posterior suprahepatic spaces
right anterior suprahepatic spaces
right posterior suprahepatic spaces
right suprahepatic spaces
left suprahepatic
spaces

16. Subhepatic space
left subhepatic spaces
left anterior and left posterior subhepatic spaces
right subhepatic spaces

17. Infracolic compartment
Paracolic sulci
Mesenteric sinuses
left paracolic sulcus
right paracolic sulcus
right mesenteric sinus
left mesenteric sinus