1. Rest-frame Luminosity Functions Based on The K’-Selected Galaxy Sample on The Subaru Deep Field
Nobunari Kashikawa
（National Astronomical Observatory of Japan）
appeared in Kashikawa et al., AJ, 125, 53, 2003

2. Introduction Approach to explore the rest luminosity functions
photo-z
→ the best-fit SED template for each sample galaxy
→ the rest-frame luminosity at any z and at any rest-wavelength
→ less precise but deeper than spectroscopic sample
Deep K’-selected sample
K’-band → less sensitive to extinction, k-correction, current star-formation & tracing the rest-λ longer than age-sensitive spectral break at 4000Å
Subaru Deep Field (SDF)
2’×2’ very deep (K’<25.5) K’-band imaged area
B<28.08, V<26.28, R<27.88, I<25.93, z’<24.27, J<25.5 (Vega, 5σ)
In this study, 439 galaxy sample with K’<24
we are now conducting a deep (R<28) and wide (34’×27’) follow-up optical imaging

3. Rest-K’ LF no evolution up to z=2.5
old stellar population was already in place by z=2-3
⇔　Papovich et al. (2002)
from stellar-mass estimate
“massive present-day galaxies were
not fully assembled by z=2.5”
save the hierarchical model if
“M/LK decreases with z” (Drory et al for z<1.2)
　No number evolution for
LK selected galaxies
Decreases with z for
M selected galaxies
Bolzonella et al. (2003)
no evolution of rest-Ks LF up to z=2
→　consistent with our study

4. Rest-UV(2000A) LF consistent with Cowie et al. (1999) @z<1.5 and
Steidel et al.
strong evolution (1.0mag brighter)
up to z=3.5
shallow faint end
The rest-B LF shows mild brightening with epoch up to z=2.5

5. Evolution of Rest UV-K’ color
bluing at any abs. mags.
→　subsequent SF by
more massive galaxies (luminous in K’) are redder at every epoch

6. Star Formation Rate Density
rest UV-LF → SFRD
broadly consistent with previous
show slight
← due to the shallower faint-
end slope of our UV-LF
If the slope of the rest z=3 is really as steep as α=-1.6, our K’-selected sample contributes only 42% of the total UV luminosity z=3
58%…
→　faint blue
but uncertainty is large

7. N(z) on SDF Kauffman&Charlot(1988) test for PLE vs. hierarchical model
consistent with previous obs. on K<21
first time to derive N(z) down to K=24
models　－　taking account of selection function of SDF & dust extinction
consistent with PLE on reliable mag. range 22<K<23
hierarchical model shows an apparent deficiency at z>2
KS-test also supports that PLE agree with obs.
The N(z) of FIRES (Daddi et al. in this proceedings) down to K=24 is consistent with our study.

8. Subaru Deep Field Project
On-going Subaru Observatory Project to search high-z (4<z<7) populations.
Survey: 34’x27’ wide FOV of Suprime-Cam
z’<26.5 (9.3hr exp.) NB921(14.0hr exp.)
i’<27.1 (11.0hr exp.) NB816(12.0hr exp.)
R<27.5 (10.2hr exp.)
B<27.8 (11.25 exp.)
Follow-up spectroscopy & NIR imaging
Discovery of two z=6.6 Lyman-alpha emitters (Kodaira et al. 2003)