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Lanzhou University School of stomatology
Mandibular Movements Lanzhou University School of stomatology
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The features and rule of mandbular movement
Nerve control of mandibular movement Rotation and slide Rule and variability Landmarks
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Neural pathways of mandibular movements
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下颌运动 sensory afferent pathway of mandibular movement
Motor efferent pathway of mandibular movement Jaw reflexes 下颌运动
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2.Control of mandibular movement
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Factors of controlling mandibular moventments
Anatomic factors: TMJ and occlusion posterior controlling factors: TMJ anterior controlling factors: Occlusion Physiological factors: nerve and muscles
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3.Pattern and regions of mandibular movements
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The form of mandibular movement
opening movement closing movement protrusive movement retruding movement lateral movement The range of mandibular movement border movement Habitual opening and closing movement functional movement
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3.1 Patterns of mandibular movements
3.1.1 Opening movement Little opening movement：18-25 mm Big opening movement：37-45 mm The biggest opening movement：yawn
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The strength of opening movement
Down and backward: Suprahyoid muscles Down and forward: lateral pterygoid muscle
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3.1.2 Closing movement Definition The strength of closing movement Temporal muscle, masseter muscle, medial pterygoid muscle Upper lateral pterygoid muscle
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The normal signs of opening and closing movement
Condyle Clicking, popping ； Mandibular Chin； Openning: >40 mm。
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3.1.3 Protrusive movement Definition Primary functional movement The most protrusive position Upper joint space
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The strength of protrusive movement
Lower Lateral pterygoid muscle Masseter muscle Medial pterygoid muscle Temporal muscle Digastric muscle
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The normal signs of protrusive movement
Condyle TMJ Maxillofacial Mandible
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3.1.4 Retruding movement Rightabout movement compare with protrusive movement The strength of retruding movement Temporal muscle Digastric muscle Upper Lateral pterygoid muscle
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3.1.5 Lateral movement Definition Primary functional movement of mastication
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Bennett movement and Bennett angle
Bennet movement: working side, rotating, 1.5 mm Bennet angle: non-working side, 20°
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The strength of lateral movement
Non-working side: Lateral： Lower lateral pterygoid muscle Medial pterygoid muscle Working side: Temporal muscle Upper lateral pterygoid muscle
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3.2 Regions of mandibular movements
3.2.1 Border movement Lateral：10 mm Opening：50-60 mm protrusive：9 mm Retruding ：1 mm
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3.2.2 Habitual opening and closing movement
Tapping movement Recovery occlusal relationship
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3.2.3 Functional movement Mastication Swallowing Speech
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4. Recordings of mandibular movements
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4.1 Landmarks and observation planes for recordings of mandibular movements
Incisor point Condylar point Observation plane frontal plane sagittal plane horizontal plane
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4.2 The history of studing on mandibular movement recording
Anatomy：1773，Monro Take pictures： 1889，Luce 1907，Bennett 1960，Chick X-ray： 1936，Hildebrand Clinic Mechanical: Gothic archtracing magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）/computer tomography （CT） Electronic measure: Electronic pantograph
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5. Traces of mandibular movements
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5.1 Trace of mandibular movements
sagittal plane ：Posselt
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Horizontal plane MR1 MR2 IEC F
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Frontal plane
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Trace of habitual opening and closing movement
sagittal plane
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