1. Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45
Objectives
Describe four types of tissues that make up the human body.
Explain how tissues, organs, and organ systems are organized.
Summarize the functions of the primary organ systems in the human body.
Identify the five human body cavities and the organs that each contains.

2. Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45
Body Tissues
All tissues are a collection of cells that have a similar structure and that work together to perform a particular function.
Muscle Tissue
Muscle tissue is
composed of cells
that can contract in a
coordinated fashion.

3. Body Tissues, continued
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45
Body Tissues, continued
Muscle Tissue, continued
The human body has three types of muscle tissue: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac.
Skeletal muscle moves the bones in your trunk, limbs, and face.
Smooth muscle handles body functions that you cannot control consciously.
Cardiac muscle, found in your heart, pumps blood through your body.

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Body Tissues, continued
Nervous Tissue
Nervous tissue
contains cells,
or neurons, that
receive and
transmit messages
in the form of
electrical impulses.
Neurons are nerve cells that are specialized to receive and send electrical impulses.

5. Body Tissues, continued
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45
Body Tissues, continued
Nervous Tissue, continued
Nervous tissue can be found throughout the human body and has various functions.
For example, nervous tissue can be found in the brain and sensory organs and is used to interpret sensory information.

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Body Tissues, continued
Epithelial Tissue
Epithelial tissue is tissue that is composed of a sheet of cells and that covers a body surface or lines a body cavity.
Epithelial tissue is found in various thicknesses and arrangements, depending on where it is located.

7. Body Tissues, continued
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
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Body Tissues, continued
Epithelial Tissue, continued
Each epithelial layer
is formed from cells
that are tightly bound
together, often
providing a protective
barrier for these
surfaces.

8. Body Tissues, continued
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Body Tissues, continued
Connective Tissue
Connective tissue is a tissue that has a lot of intracellular substance and that connects and supports other tissues.

9. Body Tissues, continued
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Body Tissues, continued
Connective Tissue, continued
Connective tissues are the most abundant and diverse of the four types of tissue and contain a substance called matrix.
Matrix is an intracellular substance that gives connective tissue its strength and flexibility and can be solid, semisolid, or liquid.

10. Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45
Human Body Tissues

11. Body Tissues

12. Body Tissues Chapter 45 Section 1 The Human Body Plan
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Visual Concept

13. Organs and Organ Systems
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45
Organs and Organ Systems
An organ consists of various tissues that work together to carry out a specific function.
Groups of organs interact in an organ system.
Organ systems work together to function in an efficient, integrated manner.

14. Major Organ Systems of the Human Body
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45
Major Organ Systems of the Human Body

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Organs and Organ Systems, continued
Integration of Organ Systems
An even higher level of organization is the integration of organ systems.
The integration of organ systems can be described as each organ system having organs associated with it according to that organ’s primary function. This is so the organ system can work more efficiently.

16. Overview of Organ Systems
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45
Overview of Organ Systems
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Visual Concept

17. Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45
Body Cavities
Many organs and organ systems in the human body are housed in compartments called body cavities.
These cavities protect internal organs from injuries and permit organs to function while remaining securely supported.
Each human cavity can contains one or more organs.

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Body Cavities, continued
The human body has five main body cavities, including the cranial cavity, the spinal cavity, the thoracic cavity, the abdominal cavity, and the pelvic cavity.
The cranial cavity is the cavity that contains, supports, and protects the brain.
The spinal cavity is the cavity that contains, supports, and protects the spinal cord.

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Body Cavities, continued
The thoracic cavity is the cavity that contains, supports, and protects the heart, esophagus, and the organs of the respiratory system.
The abdominal cavity is the cavity that contains, supports, and protects the digestive system.
The pelvic cavity is the cavity that contains, supports, and protects the organs of the reproductive and excretory systems.

20. Cavities of the Human Body
Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Chapter 45
Cavities of the Human Body

21. Human Body Cavities Chapter 45 Section 1 The Human Body Plan
Click below to watch the Visual Concept.
Visual Concept